Mulberry Leaf Extract Improves Postprandial Glucose Response in Prediabetic Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of 4 weeks of mulberry leaf aqueous extract (MLAE) supplementation (5 g/day) for postprandial glycemic control in 36 subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) tolerance. Postprandial responses in the glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels were measured after a carbohydrate load both at baseline and after 4 weeks of MLAE supplementation. The postprandial glycemic response was attenuated in the MLAE group after the treatment period, particularly 30 and 60 min after loading (P = .003 and 0.0325 for glucose, P = .0005 and .0350 for insulin, and P = .0151 and .0864 for C-peptide). Additionally, the incremental area under the curve for insulin was significantly lower in the MLAE group than in the placebo group (P = .0207). Four weeks of MLAE supplementation improved postprandial glycemic control in individuals with IFG tolerance.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 채주영, "뽕잎 품종별 기능성 성분 분석" 한국식품영양과학회 32 (32): 15-21, 2003

2 Lefe`bvre PJ, "The postprandial state and risk of cardiovascular disease" 15 : 63-68, 1998

3 Ludwig DS, "The glycemic index: physiological mechanisms relating to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease" 287 : 2414-2423, 2002

4 Wolever TM, "The glycemic index: methodology and clinical implications" 54 : 846-854, 1991

5 Nakamura M, "Suppressive response of confections containing the extractive from leaves of Morus Alba on postprandial blood glucose and insulin in healthy human subjects" 6 : 29-, 2009

6 Mertes G, "Safety and efficacy of acarbose in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes: data from a 5-year surveillance study" 52 : 193-204, 2001

7 Barr EL, "Risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab)" 116 : 151-157, 2007

8 Hanefeld M, "Risk factors for myocardial infarction and death in newly detected NIDDM: the Diabetes Intervention Study, 11-year follow-up" 39 : 1577-1583, 1996

9 Wascher TC, "Reduction of postchallenge hyperglycaemia prevents acute endothelial dysfunction in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance" 35 : 551-557, 2005

10 HsuehWA, "Prediabetes: the importance of early identification and intervention" 122 : 129-143, 2010

11 박지민, "Postprandial hypoglycemic effect of mulberry leaf in Goto-Kakizaki rats and counterpart control Wistar rats" 한국영양학회 3 (3): 272-278, 2009

12 Standl E, "Postprandial hyperglycemia and glycemic variability: should we care?" 34 : 120-127, 2011

13 Cavalot F, "Postprandial blood glucose is a stronger predictor of cardiovascular events than fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly in women: lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study" 91 : 813-819, 2006

14 Esposito K, "Post-meal glucose peaks at home associate with carotid intima-media thickness in type 2diabetes" 93 : 1345-1350, 2008

15 Asano N, "Polyhydroxylated alkaloids isolated from mulberry trees (Morus alba L.) and silkworms (Bombyx mori L.)" 49 : 4208-4213, 2001

16 Song W, "Phytochemical profiles of different mulberry (Morus sp.) species from China" 57 : 9133-9140, 2009

17 김지연, "Mulberry Leaf Water Extract Ameliorates Insulin Sensitivity in High Fat or High Sucrose Diet Induced Overweight Rats" 한국응용생명화학회 54 (54): 612-618, 2011

18 Dandona P, "Metabolic syndrome: a comprehensive perspective based on interactions between obesity, diabetes, and inflammation" 111 : 1448-1454, 2005

19 Miyahara C, "Inhibitory effects of mulberry leaf extract on postprandial hyperglycemia in normal rats" 50 : 161-164, 2004

20 Mudra M, "Influence of mulberry leaf extract on the blood glucose and breath hydrogen response to ingestion of 75 g sucrose by type 2 diabetic and control subjects" 30 : 1272-1274, 2007

21 Chung KO, "In-vitro and in-vivo antiinflammatory effect of oxyresveratrol from Morus alba L" 55 : 1695-1700, 2003

22 Zhang M, "In vivo hypoglycemic effects of phenolics from the root bark of Morus alba" 80 : 475-477, 2009

23 Kimura T, "Food-grade mulberry powder enriched with 1-deoxynojirimycin suppresses the elevation of postprandial blood glucose in humans" 55 : 5869-5874, 2007

24 Derosa G, "Efficacy and safety profile evaluation of acarbose alone and in association with other antidiabetic drugs: a systematic review" 34 : 1221-1236, 2012

25 Scognamiglio R, "Effects of different insulin regimes on postprandial myocardial perfusion defects in type 2 diabetic patients" 29 : 95-100, 2006

26 Shimabukuro M, "Effects of a single administration of acarbose on postprandial glucose excursion and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized crossover study" 91 : 837-842, 2006

27 Asai A, "Effect of mulberry leaf extract with enriched 1-deoxynojirimycin content on postprandial glycemic control in subjects with impaired glucose metabolism" 2 : 318-323, 2011

28 Katsube T, "Effect of flavonol glycoside in mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf on glucose metabolism and oxidative stress in liver in diet-induced obese mice" 90 : 2386-2392, 2010

29 Kim JW, "Determination of 1-deoxynojirimycin in Morus alba L. leaves by derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate followed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography" 1002 : 93-99, 2003

30 Barr EL, "Continuous relationships between non-diabetic hyperglycaemia and both cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study" 52 : 415-424, 2009

31 Kwon HJ, "Comparison of 1-deoxynojirimycin and aqueous mulberry leaf extract with emphasis on postprandial hypoglycemic effects: in vivo and in vitro studies" 59 : 3014-3019, 2011

32 Gao J, "Combined effects of green tea extracts, green tea polyphenols or epigallocatechin gallate with acarbose on inhibition against a-amylase and aglucosidase in vitro" 18 : 11614-11623, 2013

33 Schulz KF, "CONSORT 2010 statement:updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials" 152 : 726-732, 2010

34 Naowaboot J, "Antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and antiglycation activities of mulberry leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetic rats" 64 : 116-121, 2009

35 Bantle JP, "American Diabetes Association. Nutrition recommendations and interventions for diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association" 31 : 61-78, 2008

36 Hansawasdi C, "Alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect of mulberry (Morus alba) leaves on Caco-2" 77 : 568-573, 2006

37 Van de Laar FA, "Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for type 2 diabetes mellitus" CD003639-, 2005

38 Van de Laar FA, "Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for people with impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting blood glucose" CD005061-, 2006

39 Standl E, "Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors 2012—cardiovascular considerations and trial evaluation" 9 : 163-169, 2012

40 Chung HI, "Acute intake of mulberry leaf aqueous extract affects postprandial glucose response after maltose loading: randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study" 5 : 1502-1506, 2013

41 Balfour JA, "Acarbose. An update of its pharmacology and therapeutic use in diabetes mellitus" 46 : 1025-1054, 1993