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    쌀누룩(Aspergillus oryzae)을 이용하여 발효한 고추장의 감각 특성 = Sensory Characteristics of Gochujang Fermented with Rice-Nuruk (Aspergillus oryzae)

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=A109470485

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    This study examined the sensory characteristics of Gochujang fermented with different ratios of rice-Nuruk. Gochujang samples were prepared by substituting 0% (CON), 25% (NG25), 50% (NG50), 75% (NG75), and 100% (NG100) of rice-Nuruk for Meju powder. A quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) was conducted with 10 trained panels who evaluated the intensities of 23 attributes. The consumer acceptance was conducted with 51 general consumers who had not received sensory evaluation training. The data collected from the sensory tests was analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA, principal component analysis (PCA), consumer acceptance, and partial least squares regression (PLSR). PCA identified two significant principal components that accounted for more than 90.12% of the sensory attributes data for Gochujang with various amounts of rice-Nuruk. The scarletness, glossiness, fermented odor, Meju odor, chili powder odor, fish sauce odor, soy sauce odor, suljigemi odor, salty taste, bitter taste, chonggukjang flavor, and fish sauce flavor were loaded in the positive direction of the first principal component (PC1), along with CON. The redness, thickness, jocheong odor, nutty odor, sweet test, spicy flavor, MSG flavor, nutty flavor, rough, and tup-tup were loaded in the negative direction of along with NG2, NG3 and NG4. A grass odor was loaded in the positive direction of PC2, and a bitter taste was loaded in the negative direction of PC2. PLSR analysis identified the redness, MSG flavor, and jocheung odor of Gochujang with rice-Nuruk as major sensory factors that positively affect consumer acceptance. This study suggests that adding more than 50% rice-Nuruk can improve the overall consumer preferences for Gochujang and provides basic research data for developing rice-Nuruk fermented Gochujang.
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    This study examined the sensory characteristics of Gochujang fermented with different ratios of rice-Nuruk. Gochujang samples were prepared by substituting 0% (CON), 25% (NG25), 50% (NG50), 75% (NG75), and 100% (NG100) of rice-Nuruk for Meju powder. A...

    This study examined the sensory characteristics of Gochujang fermented with different ratios of rice-Nuruk. Gochujang samples were prepared by substituting 0% (CON), 25% (NG25), 50% (NG50), 75% (NG75), and 100% (NG100) of rice-Nuruk for Meju powder. A quantitative descriptive analysis (QDA) was conducted with 10 trained panels who evaluated the intensities of 23 attributes. The consumer acceptance was conducted with 51 general consumers who had not received sensory evaluation training. The data collected from the sensory tests was analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA, principal component analysis (PCA), consumer acceptance, and partial least squares regression (PLSR). PCA identified two significant principal components that accounted for more than 90.12% of the sensory attributes data for Gochujang with various amounts of rice-Nuruk. The scarletness, glossiness, fermented odor, Meju odor, chili powder odor, fish sauce odor, soy sauce odor, suljigemi odor, salty taste, bitter taste, chonggukjang flavor, and fish sauce flavor were loaded in the positive direction of the first principal component (PC1), along with CON. The redness, thickness, jocheong odor, nutty odor, sweet test, spicy flavor, MSG flavor, nutty flavor, rough, and tup-tup were loaded in the negative direction of along with NG2, NG3 and NG4. A grass odor was loaded in the positive direction of PC2, and a bitter taste was loaded in the negative direction of PC2. PLSR analysis identified the redness, MSG flavor, and jocheung odor of Gochujang with rice-Nuruk as major sensory factors that positively affect consumer acceptance. This study suggests that adding more than 50% rice-Nuruk can improve the overall consumer preferences for Gochujang and provides basic research data for developing rice-Nuruk fermented Gochujang.

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    참고문헌 (Reference)

    1 문세희 ; 정철, "The change of components of distilled soju using different fermentation agents" 19 (19): 466-473, 2018

    2 김진숙 ; 이지현 ; 장영은 ; 김기창 ; 김경미, "The Quality Characteristics of Rice Mash by Mixing Ratios of Rice and Rice Koji" 42 (42): 2035-2041, 2013

    3 Shin DH, "Studies on the physicochemical characteristics of traditional Kochujang" 28 (28): 157-161, 1996

    4 Jeong DY, "Studies on the physicochemical characteristics of Sunchang traditional Kochujang" 16 (16): 260-267, 2001

    5 Shin DH, "Studies on taste components of traditional Kochujang" 28 (28): 152-156, 1996

    6 Choo JJ, "Sensory evaluation and changes in physicochemical properties, and microflora and enzyme activities of pumpkin-added Kochujang" (32) : 851-859, 2000

    7 최승화 ; 김상무, "Quality properties of fermented squid viscera product with Aspergillus oryzae koji and its seasoning" 40 (40): 94-101, 2011

    8 서재실 ; 박인덕, "Quality properties of barley Kochujang added with germinated barley powder" 29 (29): 187-194, 2014

    9 이희원 ; 한홍비 ; 김복선 ; 김철민 ; 우효경 ; 정재희 ; 김소망 ; 허창기, "Quality characteristics of ‘Kochujang’ made with pigmented rice flour ‘Nuruk’ by various fungal strains during aging" 27 (27): 694-703, 2020

    10 김주연 ; 권희민 ; 김소영 ; 여수환, "Quality characteristics of solid starters manufactured with Aspergillus oryzae OF5-20" 27 (27): 915-924, 2020

    1 문세희 ; 정철, "The change of components of distilled soju using different fermentation agents" 19 (19): 466-473, 2018

    2 김진숙 ; 이지현 ; 장영은 ; 김기창 ; 김경미, "The Quality Characteristics of Rice Mash by Mixing Ratios of Rice and Rice Koji" 42 (42): 2035-2041, 2013

    3 Shin DH, "Studies on the physicochemical characteristics of traditional Kochujang" 28 (28): 157-161, 1996

    4 Jeong DY, "Studies on the physicochemical characteristics of Sunchang traditional Kochujang" 16 (16): 260-267, 2001

    5 Shin DH, "Studies on taste components of traditional Kochujang" 28 (28): 152-156, 1996

    6 Choo JJ, "Sensory evaluation and changes in physicochemical properties, and microflora and enzyme activities of pumpkin-added Kochujang" (32) : 851-859, 2000

    7 최승화 ; 김상무, "Quality properties of fermented squid viscera product with Aspergillus oryzae koji and its seasoning" 40 (40): 94-101, 2011

    8 서재실 ; 박인덕, "Quality properties of barley Kochujang added with germinated barley powder" 29 (29): 187-194, 2014

    9 이희원 ; 한홍비 ; 김복선 ; 김철민 ; 우효경 ; 정재희 ; 김소망 ; 허창기, "Quality characteristics of ‘Kochujang’ made with pigmented rice flour ‘Nuruk’ by various fungal strains during aging" 27 (27): 694-703, 2020

    10 김주연 ; 권희민 ; 김소영 ; 여수환, "Quality characteristics of solid starters manufactured with Aspergillus oryzae OF5-20" 27 (27): 915-924, 2020

    11 황인국 ; 양지원 ; 김자영 ; 유선미 ; 김기창 ; 김진숙, "Quality characteristics of saccharified rice gruel prepared with different cereal koji" 40 (40): 1617-1622, 2011

    12 박찬우 ; 장세영 ; 박은지 ; 여수환 ; 정용진, "Quality characteristics of rice makgeolli prepared by mashing types" 44 (44): 207-215, 2012

    13 신경은 ; 최수근 ; 최일숙, "Quality characteristics of modified green Gochujang prepared with Chengyang pepper powder and roasted soy powder" 17 (17): 307-315, 2011

    14 김유진 ; 최윤희 ; 박신영 ; 최혜선 ; 정석태 ; 김은미, "Quality characteristics of Kochujang with different ratios of rice-Nuruk" 23 (23): 339-346, 2012

    15 조은영 ; 윤혜현, "Quality characteristics of Gochujang Manufactured using Rice Nuruk(Aspergillus oryzae)Powder" 30 (30): 34-42, 2024

    16 Han EH, "Quality characteristics in mash of takju prepared by using different Nuruk during fermentation" 29 (29): 555-562, 1997

    17 조은영 ; 윤혜현, "Quality Characteristics of Rice Beverage Saccharified by Dry Nuruk(Aspergillus oryzae)" 29 (29): 70-80, 2023

    18 김지영 ; 유승석, "Physicochemical quality characteristics of short-term fermented Gochujang using onion peel water-extract" 27 (27): 42-52, 2021

    19 오유성 ; 백진우 ; 박경열 ; 황준호 ; 임상빈, "Physicochemical and functional properties of Kochujang with broccoli leaf powder" 42 (42): 675-681, 2013

    20 황수정 ; 김정연 ; 은종방, "Physical characteristics and changes in functional components of Gochujang with different amounts of sweet persimmon powder" 40 (40): 1668-1674, 2011

    21 Cust, "K-Sauce Exports Reached the Largest Ever in 23Years"

    22 Shim SK, "Fundamentals of Food Fermentation Korea" Jinro Research Company 2001

    23 Kim SS, "Food Microbiology" Suhaksa 51-52, 1999

    24 조경현 ; 강순아, "Effects quality characteristics and development of global sauce using traditional Gochujang" 16 (16): 8089-8095, 2015

    25 함승시 ; 최승필 ; 오상화 ; 이득식, "Effects of the biological activites of ethanol extract from Korean traditional Kochujang added with sea tangle(Laminaria longissima)" 9 (9): 1-7, 2002

    26 김옥례 ; 김동한, "Effects of red-potato on the physicochemical properties of Kochujang" 41 (41): 1805-1812, 2012

    27 채인숙 ; 김효선 ; 고양숙 ; 강민화 ; 홍상필 ; 신동범, "Effect of citrus concentrate on the physicochemical properties of Kochujang" 40 (40): 626-632, 2008

    28 박수아 ; 김동한, "Effect of addition of sweet potato on physiochemical properties of Kochujang" 23 (23): 538-546, 2016

    29 Jung YC, "Distribution and physiological characteristics of yeasts in traditional and commercial Kochujang" 28 (28): 253-259, 1996

    30 Park HK, "Development of novel method for the fermentation and isolation of molds strains that decompose butyric acids" Yeungnam University 2006

    31 Kim HJ, "Developing the sensory lexicons of Kochujang using descriptive analysis" 19 : 73-80, 2007

    32 조하영 ; 홍재훈, "Comparison of the quality characteristics of brown rice glutinous rice Gochujang with different Enzymes" 22 (22): 49-55, 2021

    33 이희원 ; 심기훈 ; 허창기, "Comparison of quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of ‘Kochujang’comprising ‘Nuruk’ made from pigmented or white rice flour" 28 (28): 799-809, 2021

    34 Kim YS, "Changes of physicochemical characteristics and development of new quality indices for industry-produced koji Kochujang" 26 (26): 453-458, 1994

    35 Kim SC, "Changes of components in the rice-porridge fermented by Nuruk" 28 (28): 1017-1021, 1999

    36 박의성 ; 허주희 ; 주재현 ; 박건영, "Changes in quality characteristics of Gochujang prepared with different ingredients and Meju starters" 45 (45): 880-888, 2016

    37 Shin DH, "Changes in microflora and enzymes activities of traditional Kochujang prepared with various raw materials" 29 (29): 901-906, 1997

    38 손성혜 ; 유승석 ; 홍여주 ; 한귀정 ; 유선미, "Analysis of free sugar’ and free amino acid from Gochujang produced from Korean small farms" 29 (29): 543-552, 2013

    39 Shin KE, "A study on the development of modified green Gochujang using Cheongyang pepper powder" Kyunng Hee University 2013

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