운동형태에 따른 골밀도 및 골대사지표 분석 = The Analysis of Bone Density and Bone Metabolism Index on Exercise Type

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to examine the difference between bone mineral density and bone metabolism index for elite athletes according to the types of exercise(aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise, and mixed exercise). Subjects were those who did not take any kind of drugs such as calcium, vitamin D, and steroid before test within 6 months and were divided into 3 groups: anaerobic exercise(weight lifting & bodybuilding, n=5), aerobic exercise(marathon, n=6) and mixed exercise(wrestling, n=6). Results of the lumbar spine 1-4(L1-L4), femoral neck, Ward's triangle, trochanter, and bone metabolism index(ALP, P, Ca, BGP, CT, and PHP) classified by types of exercise are as follows. There was no significant difference in bone metabolism index(ALP, P, Ca, BGP, CT, and PTH). In bone mineral density, there were significant differences on L3, L4, L1-4, FN, FW, FT, and Total(p=.015, p=.001, p=.011, p=.037, p=.016, p=.003, p=.004). Therefore, this study showed that the mixed exercise had more impact than anaerobic and aerobic exercise in the types of exercise for bringing about the difference of variables.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구의 목적은 운동형태(유산소 운동, 무산소 운동, 혼합형 운동으로 구분)에 따라 국가대표급 운동선수의 골밀도와 골대사지표에 차이가 있는지를 조사하는 것이다. 연구의 목적을 설명하고 이에 동의한 피험자 중 최근 6개월 동안 실험 참여 전 칼슘, 비타민 D, 스테로이드 제재 등 약물을 복용하지 않은 자를 대상으로 하여 무산소 운동(역도와 보디빌딩, n=5), 유산소 운동(마라톤, n=6)과 혼합형 운동(레슬링, n=6) 집단으로 구분하였다. 운동형태에 따라 구분된 집단의 요추 1-4(Lumbar Spine 1-4 : L1 - L4), 대퇴골경부(Femoral Neck)와 워드 삼각부(Ward's triangle) 및 전자부(trochanter)와 골대사지표인 ALP, P, Ca, BGP, CT, PTH를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 골대사지표인 ALP, P, Ca, BGP, CT, PTH는 모두 운동형태에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 골밀도 항목은 L3, L4, L1-4, FN, FW, FT, Total(p=0.015, p=0.001, p=0.011, p=0.037, p=0.016, p=0.003, p=0.004)에서 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 혼합형 운동이 무산소 및 유산소 운동보다 운동의 형태에 있어서 각 변인의 차이를 가져오는데 영향이 큰 것으로 판단된다.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Flodgren, G., 64 (64): 373-379, 1999

2 장기영, "비만이 소아의 골밀도에 미치는 영향" 고려대학교 대학원 2001

3 박인숙, "리듬운동이 60세 이상 여성의 골대사에 미치는 영향" 韓國體育大學校 大學院 1996

4 이주원, "난소적출 수술을 받은 흰쥐에서의 골밀도, 골강도 및 골대사의 생화학적 지표에 대한 한방요법의 효과" 한국식품영양학회 18 (18): 72-80, 2005

5 Frost, H. M., "Why do marathon runners have less bone than weight liffers? A vital-biomechanical view and explanation" 20 : 183-189, 1997

6 Dickerman, R. D., "The upper range of lumbar spine bone mineral density? An examination of the current world record holder in the squat lift" 21 (21): 469-470, 2000

7 McDermott, M. T., "The effects of region-specific resistance and acrobic exercises on bone mineral density in premenopausal women" 166 (166): 318-321, 2001

8 Layne, J. E., "The effect of progressive resistance training on bone density: a review" 31 (31): 25-30, 1999

9 Rudberg, A. M., "Serum isoforms of bone alkaline phosphatase increase during physical exercise in women" 66 : 342-347, 2000

10 황태국, "SML진단검사핸드북" 의료법인 삼광의료재단 2007

11 Burrows, M., "Physiological factors associated with low bone mineral density in female endurance runners" 37 (37): 67-71, 2003

12 Williams, M. H., "Nutrition for health, fitness and sport. 6th ed." McGraw-Hill 2002

13 Frost, H. M., "Introduction to a New Skeletal Physiology. 1: Bone and bones" The Pajaro Group 1995

14 Bass S., "Exercise before puberty may confer residual benefits in bone density in adulthood: studies in active prepubertal and retired female gymnasts" 13 (13): 500-507, 1998

15 Iwamoto, J., "Effects of treadmill exercise on bone mass, bone metabolism, and calciotropec hormones in young growing rats" 22 : 26-31, 2004

16 Tsuzuku, S., "Effects of high-intensity resistance training on bone mineral density in young male powerlifters" 63 (63): 283-286, 1998

17 Iwamoto, J., "Effects of exercise on bone mineral density in mature osteopenic rat" 13 (13): 1308-1317, 1998

18 Yeh, J. K., "Effect of treadmill exercise on vertebral and tibial bone mineral content and bone mineral density in the aged adult rat: Determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry" 52 (52): 234-238, 1993

19 Fujimura, R., "Effect of resistance exercise training on bone formation and resorption in young male subjects assessed by biomarkers of bone metabolism" 12 (12): 656-662, 1997

20 Taaffe, D. R., "Differential effects of swimming versus weight-bearing activity on bone mineral status of eumenorrheic athletes" 10 (10): 586-593, 1995

21 Iwamoto, J., "Differential effect of treadmill exercise on three cancillous bone sites in the young growing rat" 24 (24): 163-169, 1999

22 Morel, J., "Bone mineral density of 704 amateur sportsman involved in different physical activity" 12 (12): 152-157, 2001

23 Hasanoglu, A., "Bone mineral density in childhood obesity" 13 : 307-311, 2000

24 Bennell, K. L., "Bone mass and bone turn over in power athletes, endurance athletes, and controls: a 12-month longitudinal study" 20 : 477-484, 1997

25 Hong, H. O., "A study of dietary intake and bone mineral density in competitive female athletes" 34 (34): 645-655, 2001