IL-1 and CD40/CD40L platelet complex: elements of induction of Crohn’s disease and new therapeutic targets

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD)are chronic and multifactorial diseases that affect the intestinaltract, both characterized by recurrent inflammation ofthe intestinal mucosa, resulting in abdominal pain, diarrhea,vomiting and, rectal bleeding. Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) regroup these two disorders. The exact pathologicalmechanism of IBD remains ambiguous and poorly known.
In genetically predisposed patients, defects in intestinalmucosal barrier are due to an uncontrolled inflammatoryresponse to normal flora. In addition to the genetic predisposition,these defects could be triggered by environmentalfactors or by a specific lifestyle which is widely accepted asetiological hypothesis. The involvement of the CD40/CD40Lplatelet complex in the development of IBD has been overwhelminglydemonstrated. CD40L is climacteric in cell signallingin innate and adaptive immunity, the CD40L expressionon the platelet cell surface gives them an immunologicalcompetence. The IL-1, a major inflammation mediator could be involved in different ways in the development of IBD.
Here, we provide a comprehensive review regarding therole of platelet CD40/CD40L in the pathophysiologicaleffect of IL-1 in the development of Crohn’s disease (CD).
This review could potentially help future approaches aimingto target these two pathways for therapeutic purposesand elucidate the immunological mechanisms driving gutinflammation.

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