반영적 경청에 쓰이는 ‘-구나’의 담화기능 = The Discourse function of '-kwuna' in Active Listening

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Active listening has been proposed by some psychologists as a desirable means of parent - child communication. By way of active listening parents can signal their understanding of children's mental states and elicit their spontaneous reactions.
'-Kwuna' marks such active listening. The objective of this essay is to explore what aspects of '-kwuna' enable it to perform such function.
In the previous studies, '-kwuna' has been considered an exclamation-marker. However, neither the sentences using '-kwuna' are always exclamatory sentences, nor the exclamatory sentences always use '-kwuna'. (It's neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition.)
'-Kwuna' has functions of speaker-orientedness and evidentiality. The speaker- orientedness function gives little illocutionary force to the statement, and thus, mitigates the burdens of the hearer.
The evidentiality function has little informative powers, which makes it possible for the speaker to use it when speaking to him/herself. This function also minimizes the cost of the hearer.
However, unlike '-kwun', which does not take the hearer into consideration, '-kwuna' involves the hearer and is conscious of the hearer.
The function of '-kwuna' in that it involves the hearer and yet does not impose burdens on the hearer, satisfies the politeness principle, and makes '-kwuna' an appropriate marker of active listening.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 머리말
• 2. '_구나'와 감탄
• 3. '_구나'와 '_군'의 관계
• 4. '_구나'의 기능
• 4.1. 화지-중심적기능
• 4.2. 확인의 기능
• 5. 맺음말