宋代 금속공예의 두 가지 축 －仿古銅器와 金銀器－ = Two Axes of Metal Crafts of Song Dynasty －Imitating Ancient Bronzes and Gold, Silver Vessels－

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The metal crafts of Song dynasty had developed centering on two axes: imitating ancient bronzes and gold and silver vessels. The imitating ancient bronzes was the metal crafts led by the imperial family in order to reinforce and legitimize their sovereign power through reform and recover national rite. The imitating ancient bronzes of Northern Song were produced during Huizong era, They adopted the vessel types of Shang dynasty and the inscriptions of Zhou dynasty, It was manufactured by joining after partial casting. The imitating ancient bronzes of Southern Song was produced during Gaojong era and Gwangong era, The production of the imitating ancient bronzes of Southern dynasty was used the ritual books such as Xuanhebogutu, Chunxishidianzhidutu (淳熙釋尊制度圖), and Shaoxizhouxianshidianyitu(紹熙州縣釋奠儀圖).
The gold and silver vessels of Song dynasty was widely used despite the scarcity of materials, which can be confirmed through records Dongjingmenghuaru(東京夢華錄). The universal use of gold and silver vessels in the Song dynasty meant the revitalization of the market economy. Although ownership of gold and silver vessels was limited, anyone who visited pub could use the gold and silver vessels. The gold and silver vessel of Song dynasty were also produced using techniques different from those of previous dynasty like double-layered technic and mold forging. The double-layered technic has an advantage of voluminous shape and smooth inside for use. The mold forging technic has a meaning in that it enables mass production of the same vessels. The flowering plant and historical event was the main designs, the designs was expressed by the repoussé technic.
Although the imitating ancient bronzes and the gold and silver vessels have a difference in materials, shape, and designs, the fact that the design of ancient bronzes was applied to gold and silver vessels shows the influence of the imitaing ancient bronzes.
The two axes of Song dynasty, imitating ancient bronzes and gold and silver vessels, were owned by the ruling class such as the imperial family and bureaucrats, but they show different aspects in consumption and use. Although the use of the imitating ancient bronzes was limited to the ruling class, gold and silver vessels that anyone could use at pubs. There was a difference in role between imitating ancient bronzes and gold and silver vessels, however, they were the two axes of metal crafts of the Song dynasty, which showed various changes from the imperial family to the private sector and commercialization.