제주지역 성인의 먹거리 보장에 따른 먹거리 구매 실태 및 정책 인지와 먹거리 환경 만족도: 2022년 제주 먹거리 실태조사 자료를 활용하여 = Food purchase patterns, food policy recognition, and food environment satisfaction among adults in Jeju, Korea, according to food security: a cross-sectional study

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Objectives: Recently, food insecurity has been a major public health issue along with the food crisis caused by COVID-19, climate change, and the polarization of food supply due to socioeconomic dis- parities. Food insecurity is known to be related to the food choices and environment of the consum- er. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the food security statuses of adults in Jeju and investi- gate their food purchase patterns, food policy recognition, and food environment satisfaction. Methods: Based on data from the 2022 Jeju Food Survey, 346 adults aged ≥ 19 years in Jeju were classified into food security and insecurity groups (quantitatively and qualitatively) using the ques- tionnaire. Food purchase patterns, including purchasing frequency, items, and reasons, were sur- veyed for local and eco-friendly foods. The recognition and necessity of several food policies and satisfaction with diet and food environment (availability, accessibility, affordability, accommodation, and acceptability) were measured using the Likert scale.
Results: Among the total participants, 47.4% were in the food insecurity group. The frequency of purchasing local and eco-friendly foods did not significantly differ by food security status. The inse- curity group exhibited a higher recognition rate of basic rights to food (36.0%) than the security group (24.7%, P = 0.023). The recognition and necessity of specific food policies did not significant- ly differ by food security status, except for the policy of promoting food communities, for which the food security group exhibited higher recognition than the food insecurity group did (P = 0.004). The food insecurity group exhibited significantly lower scores regarding satisfaction toward diet and food environment factors (P < 0.05 for all).
Conclusion: Overall, the food security group reported higher satisfaction with their diet and food en- vironment than the food insecurity group. Further in-depth studies to investigate the determinants of food insecurity and effective promotional strategies for food policies are needed.