The objective of this study is to explore and introspect life paths, individual characteristics, and leadership characteristics of the successful vocational training institution principals. To do so, in-depth interviews were conducted with 8 principal...
The objective of this study is to explore and introspect life paths, individual characteristics, and leadership characteristics of the successful vocational training institution principals. To do so, in-depth interviews were conducted with 8 principals, who fitted into what was defined as the successful institution principals by this study. Interview contents were analyzed using the grounded theory approach.
As a result of open coding, 42 concepts, 32 subcategories, and 9 categories were derived. Through the integrated analysis process of axial coding and exploration of relationships among individuals, organizations, and society.
The results according to the 9 categories are as following:
First, the successful principals were heavily influenced by family members who were either doing business or engaged in educational sector. Moreover, they gladly volunteered to help others and most of them had successful experience in the educational field. These were the factors that motivated them to work in the ‘vocational training field’.
Second, the principals participated in vocational training from the initial stages or were at least involved in the trainings for a long-term.
When new training systems were implemented, many of them were the initiators of these. They were the ‘vocational training pioneers’ of Korea.
Third, the principals settled down as the genuine ‘vocational trainers’, operating institutions with passion and sincerity. Throughout this process, they were able to enjoy and continuously learn about different values.
Fourth, the principals overcame difficult moments of the past with other members and thus felt proud for the fact that they succeeded as ‘vocational training leaders’.
Fifth, the principals were not only energetic, passionate, sincere, and diligent but also positive and modest. In addition to these, they were the people with ‘internal’ characteristics, who had strong patience and ability to introspect.
Sixth, in the relationship with the others, the principals loved conversations and always were ready to hear others’ opinion. Also, they were easygoing and thoughtful of others and did not have any consciousness of authority. The fact they were able to not only understand others but also encourage and sympathize with them was another big characteristic.
Seventh, analyzing principals’ ‘individual leadership characteristics’, it was found out that they had strong confidence in what they were doing and that they had remarkable self-analysis ability. Another characteristic that could be found was the fact that they were continuously studying to prepare for the future and were always taking the initiative to set an example for the others.
Eighth, the 'characteristics of leadership in the organizational level' are summed up as the following. The principals were considering the members as one family and were giving them suggestions on different visions. In order to operate the organization, the principals were
constantly motivating the others and sometimes even allowed the others to take authority over them. Furthermore, they were always conforming to the principles, considering communication to be important, and solving different problems rationally.
Ninth, the principals were carrying out 'public leadership in the social relationship'. In other words, they were contributing to the community by understanding the social responsibility of training institutions and carrying out different social roles. Also, they were embracing the
vocational training as their vocation and not as a mean to gain profit.
The followings are the explanations based on the 'individual-organzational-social relationship based leadership model', which is deduced through analyzing the 'characteristics of successful Vocational Training Institution principals' leadership'.
First, in the organization-individual relationship, the principal was considering the members as ‘one family’ and at the same time as ‘new family’. Indeed, based on a new form of familism, the principal shared infinite affection with both the trainees and the staffs. This means that the principal, staffs, and trainees were in ‘one another family’ and their relationship was mutually beneficial. In the relationship with the members, the successful principal was a ‘new familist’, leading each other and sometime having each others’ back.
Second, in the individual-society relationship, the principal was operating the institution not to gain profit but for the purpose of serving the society, based on the humanism. This humanism started off with sharing love and providing service towards the trainees and staffs and further expanded into serving the local area and even the whole country. In the social relationship, the principal was a ‘humanist’ who considers people as his first priority and provides service.
Third, in the organization-society relationship, the principal wanted something more than just simply train technicians or professionals through the training institution. Indeed, the principal wanted to implement true education. This is possible because the principal considers his job as a duty appointed by the god that he ought to carry out. They were ‘true educators’, who want to implement true education based on vocation.
Eventually, the principals encompass these characteristics in integrated and organic way to be qualified as one of the ‘successful vocational training institution principal’ and to exercise the role of ‘true vocational training leaders’.
This study explores dynamics of the field of vocational training and various relationships and contexts arising within them, on which to put into perspectives the characteritics of leadership displayed by successful vocational training institution principals.
The result of this study not only plays the role of a compass that helps the principals of vocational institutions to decide direction for human focused