자폐 범주성 장애의 조기발견 및 조기개입의 역할 및 과제 = The Role and Implications of Early Detection and Early Intervention of Autism Spectrum Disorders

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Recently, there has been a dramatical increase in research to examine the cause and core deficits of autism spectrum disorders. As the result, our knowledge about autism spectrum disorders has been greatly expanded. Autism is conceived as a neurodevelopmental disorder with a biological basis and appropriate intervention can make a positive difference in the course of development of children with autism and related disorders. Moreover, early detection and early intervention play an important role as predictors of outcomes of persons with autism spectrum disorders. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to emphasize the importance of establishing a systematic system for early detection and to claim the development and the practice of early intervention program for young children with autism spectrum disorders. For the purpose, research related to the early detection of autism spectrum disorders for the past 10 years was reviewed. Findings and discussions on early detection were provided in terms of screening and diagnosis. Current issues related to the most efficacious early intervention in autism were also provided. Finally, the role and implications of early detection and early intervention were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

최근에 들어서 자폐 범주성 장애의 원인을 규명하고 핵심적인 결함 특성을 이해하고자 하는 노력이 급격하게 증가하고 있다. 이러한 노력의 결과로 자폐 범주성 장애는 태어나면서부터 지니는 생물학적 근거의 신경 발달적 장애임이 규명되었으며, 특히 적절한 중재적 접근을 통하여 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 또한 조기발견을 통한 조기개입이 최상의 예후를 가능하게 하는 핵심적인 요소일 수 있음이 강조되고 있다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 국내 자폐 범주성 장애의 조기발견을 위한 진단 체계 구축 및 방법론 개발의 중요성을 강조하고 진단과 연계되는 조기개입 프로그램의 개발 및 실행의 활성화를 촉구하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 이를 위하여 최근 10년간 자폐 범주성 장애 조기발견과 관련된 연구 동향과 이들 연구에서 밝혀진 영아기 초기 발달 특성을 알아보고, 이러한 발달 특성과 연계해서 이루어지고 있는 조기진단 방법론을 알아보고, 더불어 조기발견의 가능성을 전제로 한 조기개입의 최근 동향과 과제를 제시함으로써 자폐 범주성 장애의 조기발견 및 조기개입의 역할 및 과제에 대하여 고찰하였다.

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