고려시대 兩班田 分給의 一樣相 = Trends in the Distribution of Yangbanjŏn during the Koryŏ Dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper uses materials obtained from the Ky?ngw?n Yi clan and Tongnae Ch?ng clan to analyze the process through which the yangban class received official appointments as well as changes in the distribution of k?pch?n (給田, official salaries). Based on the results of this analysis, an attempt was made to analyze the structure of the yangbanj?n (兩班田, land granted to civil and military officials during their service period), which resulted in 4 different types of yangban household models being identified.
Once an individual acquired a civil or military appointment through the civil service examinations or the granting of a special privilege, the socalled ?ms? system (蔭敍, the protected appointment system), he was perceived as forming an independent household and granted chigy?kch?n (職役田, official land or prebendal grants given to officeholders) in accordance with his official rank. Although a yangban household was composed of the yangban official and his blood ties, as the ch?nho (佃戶, peasant households) who toiled the yangbanj?n were expected to toil the yangban’s own lands as well, they came to be perceived as also being members of the yangban household. Meanwhile, officeholders who were dismissed from office and members of yangban households that failed to secure government appointments were forced to engage in other occupations in accordance with the principle that all members of society should provide their services to the state. Therefore, the yangban class during the Kory? era was not a privileged or fixed class, but one which experienced a great degree of social mobility. The inconsistency between the number of yangban households and government appointments, and the limited amount of lands that could be designated as yangbanj?n eventually resulted in a lack of such lands being available to be distributed to officials. As a result, those yangban households that were forced to adopt new occupations saw their social status change as they lost their membership in the yangban class.
In conclusion, yangban households, which formed the backbone of the yangban bureaucracy, were considered to be a unit from which government officials could be recruited and as those who received official lands. As such, the principles of Ip 'och'ungy?k (立戶充役), in which the head of a household was expected to offer his services to the state in exchange for the state’s granting of land, was also applied to the yangban’s acquisition of government offices and the distribution of yangbanj?n.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 兩班田 分給의 대상
• Ⅲ. 兩班田 分給의 사례
• Ⅳ. 兩班田의 分給과 戶
• Ⅴ. 맺음말
• 〈ABSTRACT〉