Artificial Induction of Cadmium Tolerance and its Further Enhancement via Heterologous Coexpression of SpHMT1 and AtPCS1 in the Yeast Cells

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Microorganisms can be used in the bioremediation ofheavy metals. It is desirable if the microorganisms show a strongtolerance as well as the ability to accumulate (or biosorb) heavymetals. Yeast is well known for having a high capacity of biosorptionof heavy metals. Therefore, the present study focused on developinga yeast mutant that has a strong tolerance to cadmium (Cd), arepresentative toxic metal. The Cd-resistant yeast mutant (CdR)was induced and isolated by growing yeast cells in mediacontaining Cd and gradually increasing the concentration untilreaching a possible maximum of 20 mM CdCl2, to which the cellsadapted and survived. CdR cells showed stronger tolerance to Cdinducedstress than the control cells. To obtain even higher Cdtolerance in the yeast cells, both Schizosaccharomyces pombeheavy metal tolerance factor 1 (SpHMT1) and Arabidopsis thalianaphytochelatin synthase (AtPCS1) genes were introduced into theCdR cells to be expressed simultaneously. The transformed CdRcells showed higher Cd tolerance than the untransformed CdRcells.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Oritz DF, "Transport of metalbinding peptides by HMT1, a fission yeast ABC-type vacuolar membrane protein" 270 : 4721-4728, 1995

2 Clemens S, "Tolerance to toxic metals by a gene family of phytochelatin synthases from plants and yeast" 18 : 3325-3333, 1999

3 Ruta L, "Removing heavy metals from synthetic effluents using “kamikaze” Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells" 85 : 763-771, 2010

4 Grill E, "Phytochelatins, the heavy-metal-binding peptides of plants, are synthesized from glutathione by a specific ã-glutamylcysteine dipeptidyl transpeptidase (phytochelatin synthase)" 86 : 6838-6842, 1989

5 Rauser WE, "Phytochelatins" 59 : 61-86, 1990

6 Cobbett CS, "Phytochelatin biosynthesis and function in heavy-metal detoxification" 3 : 211-216, 2000

7 이상만, "Phytochelatin Is Not a Primary Factor in Determining Copper Tolerance" 한국식물학회 48 (48): 32-38, 2005

8 Sambrook J, "In Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual" Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 1989

9 이상만, "Heterologous Expression of Fission Yeast Heavy Metal Transporter, SpHMT-1, Confer Tolerance to Cadmium in Cytosolic Phytochelatin-Deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae" 한국생명과학회 19 (19): 1685-1689, 2009

10 Gad AS, "Heavy metals bio-remediation by immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Opuntia ficus indica waste" 6 : 79-87, 2010

11 Oritz DF, "Heavy metal tolerance in the fission yeast requires an ATPbinding cassette-type vacuolar membrane transporter" 11 : 3491-3499, 1992

12 Sangman Lee, "Establishment of Tolerance to Both Cadmium and Copper Stress by Expressing Arabidopsis Phytochelatin Synthase in Cu Tolerant Yeast Mutant" 한국응용생명화학회 53 (53): 94-96, 2010

13 Sriprang R, "Enhanced accumulation of Cd2+ by a Mesorhizobium sp. transformed with a gene from Arabidopsis thaliana coding for phytochelatin" 69 : 1791-1796, 2003

14 Giaginis C, "DNA repair systems at targets of cadmium toxicity" 213 : 282-290, 2006

15 Jin YH, "Cadmium is a mutagen that acts by inhibiting mismatch repair" 34 : 326-329, 2003

16 이상만, "Cadmium Tolerance Increased Synergistically by Heterologous Co-expression of SpHMT1 and AtPCS1 in Budding Yeast" 한국응용생명화학회 54 (54): 802-805, 2011

17 Soares EV, "Bioremediation of industrial effluents containing heavy metals using brewing cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a green technology: a review" 19 : 1066-1083, 2012