學習障碍에 관한 최근의 硏究動向 = Recent Research Trends on Learning Disability

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This review dealt with major research trends in learning disability(LD), particularly in the definition of LD, the identification of LD and the multiple characteristics of LD.
1. The two most common definitions of LD were established by U.S.Public Law 94-142 and National Joint Committee on LD.
2. Methods for identifying LD have been controversial issue. The results of this review revealed that the statewide guidelines significantly changed the characteristics of LD learners who were identified.
3. The multidimensional characteristics of LD are summarized as follows:
a) Cognitive characteristics-LD learners are capable of sustaining attention on simple tasks, but apparently are overwhelmed as task complexity increases. Their memory skills affect their academic performance in diverse ways. Many LD learners show deficiencies in strategic processing and background knowledge, while some learners experiencing structural deficiencies. They are as proficient as skilled learners on the nonverbal comprehension task and their poor linguistic skills are in part responsible for the gap between IQ and achievement.
b) Metacognitive characteristics-LD learners have deficiencies in metamemorial knowledge, in metaattention and in metalinguistic knowledge, when comparing of their cognitive skills with skilled learners.
c) LD learners' motivation styles are very diverse and their perceptions about the causes their academic success and failure are also quite diverse.
d) Three other important characteristics which influence on LD learners' learning. One is concerned with developmental level of LD, which is thought to influence particularly their adaptive behavior. Another is concerned with time available for information processing. The other include contextual factors. Two important contexts are the school and the home environment.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 학습장애의 정의 문제
• Ⅲ. 학습장애의 판정기준
• Ⅳ. 학습장애의 다면적 특성
• 1. 인지적 특성
• 2. 메타인지적 특성
• 3. 동기양식
• 4. 기타 주요 특성
• Ⅴ. 요약 및 결론
• 1. 요약
• 2. 결론