다산학 연구의 최근 동향과 전망 - 근대론의 시각을 중심으로 = A Review on the Recent Trend and Prospect of Tasan Studies - Focusing on its “modern” aspect

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper analyzes the recent outcomes of research by first, dividing the topics into biography, philosophical thought, classical studies, ritual studies, and administrative studies, and second, reviewing the moot point of each topic, and finally, proposing questions and further suggestions. The main contents are as follows: 1) As far as Tasan`s writings are concerned, the process and dates of Tasan`s writings and of his posthumous writings, whether hand-copied or printed, are not clarified. The project of accumulating Tasan`s original writings cannot but fail without first clarifying this process. 2) In order to elucidate the developmental procedure of Tasan`s philosophical system, it should be examined in detail Sung-ho School`s response to Western Studies as well as changes in Chinese thoughts during Ming and Qing dynasties. 3) Since the beginning of 90`s, it has been pointed out that Tasan`s classical studies were significantly influenced by the administrative mind of King Jung(Jung-jo). The popular conclusion that Tasan`s views on administrative studies are slanted toward strengthening the sovereignty does not seem to have a strong line of reasoning. 4) So far as the argument that Tasan`s ritual studies tends to strengthen the royal power is concerned, there are two counter arguments. One is that Tasan`s main objective was to criticize the ritual studies after Han dynasty and to revive the original viewpoint of Confucius and Mencius(Jang Dong-woo). The other is that Tasan`s ritual studies not only have the aspect of strengthening the royal power but also the aspect of constraining the abuse of power(Park Jong-chun). Each of these counter arguments, however, cannot but limited, for it is based on a particular writing of Tasan. To uncover Tasan`s real attitude toward state affairs, a comprehensive research on Tasan`s writings relating to ritual studies should comebeforehand. 5) Regarding the character of Tasan`s administrative studies, which has been portrayed so far as the awakening stage of mdernity, two opposing viewpoints appear. One interprets that Tasan`s administrative studies do not contain in itself the essence of modernity, but in its attempt to synthesize disintegrating traditional systems, signs of what could be seen as the seed of modernity can be detected. The other is that Tasan`s state-community centered administrative studies were not a step to modernity, but a way of reforming the whole political structure that had been degenerated by premier-centered leadership. These researches, nevertheless, show a rather biased approach toward Neo-Confucianism; that is, they see Neo-Confucianism only from the aspect of sage-learning or of nature-mind theory, and tend to overlook the pre-modern aspect of Practical Learning scholars such as ritual studies. It reveals that they cannot unfetter themselves from premise that Tasan`s administrative studies are the step to modernity. All of these points are to be re-examined and researched further, without preconception of “step to modernity.” In order to re-interpret the historical development of East-Asian thoughts, it is urgently required to have a new perspective on human-community.