1950년대 중국 혁명 연구의 5가지 논쟁적 테제 술론(述論) = An Analysis on Five Controversial Theses on the 1950s Revolution in China

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Analyzing existing literatures on the transformation in 1950s China, this article examines five selected controversial theses such as‘1949 divide’,‘New Democracy’,‘land reform’,‘mass movement’,‘state-society relations’to provide new perspectives on the subject. Firstly, though conventional master narratives faced considerable challenge from recent new interpretations, persuasive alternative histories are not yet proposed. Recent criticism of master narratives shows its own limit in that it adopts a sort of deviation method revealing other evidences that justify its own criticism instead of negating directly the grounds that support existing narratives. Secondly,‘mass movement’ would be a relevant subject through which state-society relations could be reexamined. Mass movement could be considered modus operandi of ‘governance’ in which state and society cooperate each other surrounding a certain sociopolitical agenda, though the cooperation could not be equal. Thirdly, it is necessary to discern the concepts, ‘state’ and ‘regime’ for an analytical understanding of the 1950s state power. For instance, though the mass movement was one of very effective means for consolidating rapidly the Communist regime, it served also as an obstacle to the establishment of regular state institutions and its routinized operation; however, land reform that eliminated local power and middlemen not only strengthened the regime but also facilitated the establishment of modern state. Lastly, the question of sources. Especially, as the archival materials increasingly available over the past two decades had been produced for the purpose of administering the people, they hardly reflect genuine situation of the administered. A strict Quellenkritik is essential in using the archives. In general, continued accumulation of multiple case studies would contribute to a holistic understanding of the 1950s revolution in China.