The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual conditions and states of the social welfare according to the types of poor households on the basis of their service experience. This study used the 2012 Report of the Social Welfare Survey on Daeg...
The purpose of this study is to investigate the actual conditions and states of the social welfare according to the types of poor households on the basis of their service experience. This study used the 2012 Report of the Social Welfare Survey on Daegu. The study subjects were the poor households with less than 120% minimum cost of living in Daegu. With them, this study tried to explore other factors affecting the poor households' need for social welfare service than their service experience and to find the effect of each factor.
Accordingly, this study analyzed the actual social welfare service conditions and the difference of the need for the social welfare service according to the types of the poor households on the basis of whether or not they experienced the service. In addition, it explored the variables that would affect the poor households' need for the social welfare service and analyzed the difference of each variable's influence. And the study results are presented as follows:
First, according to the types of the poor households on the basis of whether or not they experienced the service, the difference of their economic activity was investigated. As a result, in the case of income activity, the poor households which never experienced the service accounted for 32.3%, whereas the poor households which experienced the service amounted to 19.1%. Therefore, there was significant difference between the two groups. The reasons are that the average age of the heads of the poor households who experienced the service was 17.52 years higher than that of the heads of the poor households who never experienced the service, and that the group of the poor households with the service experience had a higher one-person household rate than the other group. In other words, the group of the poor households with the service experience become more aged than the other group, and features single-person household.
Secondly, according to the types of the poor households on the basis of whether or not they experienced the service, the social service use state and the satisfaction state of groups were compared for analysis. Based on the types of payment, the analysis was conducted in the categories of cash support service, service in kind, and other social welfare services. As a result, there were statistically significant differences in all of the social welfare service use experience but financial support for house purchase, support for leisure and cultural activity, family service support, and food delivery service. It indicates that the social welfare service provided focuses on the services for the purpose of 'securing minimum living' and thus fail to give various kinds of services.
Thirdly, this study investigated how the types of the poor households on the basis of whether or not they experienced the service would affect the need for the social welfare service. As a result, the poor households without the service experience showed more need for the social welfare service. Also the effects of the types of the poor households on the needs for cash support service, service in kind, and other social welfare services were analyzed. The result showed that the poor households without the service experience showed more needs for the services.
Fourthly, to look into the influence of each factor affecting the poor households' need for the social welfare service, this study conducted hierarchical regression analysis with socio-demographic characteristics, the households' economic activity state, their income and consumption state, and the types of poor households based on the service experience. Among the factors influencing the need for the social welfare service for minimum living, the size of household showed the most powerful influence, and the factor that most affected cash support service was found to be the service experience.
Based on the study results, some suggestions related to the future planning and practice of the social welfare service for poor households are made as follows:
First, it is required to expand the social welfare service for the poor households, such as support for the households that actually need protection and for the near poor households who are not chosen for the social welfare service.
Secondly, it is needed to activate various payment-types of social welfare service, going beyond 'securing minimum living'.
Thirdly, it is necessary to develop quality-based statistical data in order to effectively investigate the actual welfare conditions of local poor households and to develop and offer the social welfare service suitable for local characteristics to poor households.