전근대 石城 축성자료의 축조 분담과 명활산성작성비

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 조선시대 石城 축성자료를 분석하여 축조 분담 기준과 공역조직의 관계를 찾아보고, 그 특징을 신라의 〈경주명활산성작성비〉와 비교하였다.
조선시대의 축성 분담은 전체 축성 구간에서 지형의 분기점을 대단위(道)로 나눈 뒤 역역징발 단위인 군현 단위로 중단위 공역조직을 구성하였다. 중단위 공역조직이 분담받은 축조량은 최소 13보에서 최대 47보가량이고 그 안에 소단위로 세분하기도 했다. 하지만 실질적인 축성 단위는 감역관을 둔 중단위였고 각자성석도 주로 중단위에서 새겼다.
〈명활산성작성비〉에서 최소 14보에서 42보의 축조구간을 분담받았는데, 그 내부에 다시 소단위를 두어서 공사량을 세분했다.
이처럼 고대부터 조선시대까지 석축성의 실질적인 축조 분담은 지방지배체제 하의 역역단위로 주로 중단위였고 상황에 따라서 소단위로 세분하기도 했다. 신라의 축성 기록 중에서 전체 둘레[周]가 강조된 다른 축성공사도 확인할 수 있는 축성 운영방식으로, 한반도에서 금석문에 새겨 축조 책임을 밝히는 石城의 축조 운영방식의 시원은 신라에 있음을 확인하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper examined the relationship between the construction sharing criteria of the stoney fortress construction and the airspace organization by analyzing the data on the construction of the stone fortress during the Joseon Dynasty, and compared its characteristics with Silla’s 〈Myeonghwal Fortress Jakseong-bi(明活山城作城碑)〉 to find the criteria for construction sharing.
In the early Joseon Dynasty, the division of the construction of the capital city’s first axis was divided into large-scale sections(道), and then two characters (1,200 vessels) of Cheonjamun were divided into mid-range units, and 50尺 (25步) to 100尺 (16步) were divided into small-scale units. The actual unit of construction was the mid-range unit with a inspectors(監役官), and each castle stone was carved in both medium and small units. In Sejong period, after dividing it into large-scale units, Gunhyeon(郡縣), which is a unit of Labor Mobilization System(役制), was divided into mid-range units, and each castle stone was engraved, and there were also sub-units of about 130尺 (21步) to 78 尺 (13步) inside it.
During the contraction of Geumosanseong Fortress(金烏山城), a defense base in the late Joseon Dynasty, the number of 役夫 in the county and county was allocated differently depending on the difficulty of the construction, but the actual distance of division of the airspace organization was not known. The Dongnaebuseong contraction project in the Yeongjo period was divided into 4 large-scale units and 60 middle-level units (牌), and the construction distance around 47 步 was shared by the middle-level airspace organization.
By dividing the construction section of at least 14 to 42 步 in the 〈Myeonghwal Fortress Jakseong-bi〉 the airspace organization is estimated to be mid-level, and the construction volume was subdivided by placing a sub-unit inside it.
As such, from ancient times to the Joseon Dynasty, the actual division of construction of Stoney Fortress was mainly in the middle level, and it was subdivided into sub-units depending on the situation. In this way, it was confirmed that Silla had the beginning of the construction operation method of Stoney Fortress, which was divided into the entire construction section and had an airspace organization below the middle level to build it, and that each stone was responsible for the construction.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문초록
• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 조선전기 都城의 축조분담과 공역조직
• Ⅲ. 조선후기 지방 石城의 축조분담과 공역조직
• Ⅳ. 명활산성작성비에 나타난 수작 배분과 공역조직
• Ⅴ. 맺음말
• 참고문헌
• Abstract