송이생산지 보전 및 복원을 위한 소나무군락의 식생구조 분석 -강원도 양양군 송이발생지역을 중심으로- = Vegetation Structure of Pinus densiflora Community for Conservation and Restoration of Tricholoma matsutake

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 도로건설이 송이생산지에 미치는 영향을 최소화하기 위해 강원도 양양군내 신설 예정인 고속도로 건설지 주변의 송이생산 소나무군락의 식생구조를 분석하여 보전 및 복원의 기초자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 고속도로 건설예정지의 영향권과 송이생산량을 고려하여 도로 주변에 총 20개 조사구를 설정하여 Classification기법중의 하나인 TWINSPAN을 이용하여 군락을 분리한 결과, 소나무군락(군락 Ⅰ, Ⅱ), 소나무-굴참나무군락(군락 Ⅲ), 소나무-낙엽활엽수군락(군락 Ⅳ)의 4개 군락으로 최종 분리되었다. 군락별 종다양도는 1.7353±0.0341~1.9079±0.2471의 범위이었으며 종수는 평균 9.2±2.8, 교목층 출현 평균개체수는 9.6±5.0개체이었다. 식생밀도는 100㎡당 4~29주(평균 9.55주), 평균상대공간지수는 35%이하이었으며 평균수령은 38±8.34년생이었으며 토양은 A0층의 깊이가 4~6cm, 토양산도는 4.70~5.63(평균 5.29) 송이 생육에 적정한 수준이었다. 송이는 소나무와 공생의 관계로 소나무군락의 식생구조와 매우 밀접한 관계를 가지고 있으므로 생태적 관리방안으로 적정밀도 조절, 아교목층과 관목층의 밀도조절, 교목층 낙엽활엽수의 제거 등을 제안하였다. 향후 도로건설시 송이생산지역내 관통도로를 최소화하고 송이생산지내 및 인근지역을 관통할 경우 숲내부 천이 및 식생구조 변화가 발생하지 않도록 생태적 관리 및 복원조치가 필요할 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Korea Expressway Corporation have a plan to make a new highway from East Hongcheon to Yanayang in Kangwon-do (province), This research was conducted to analyze a vegetation structure of japanese red pine forest and to prepare conservation and restoration basic information for minimizing the effects on pine mushroom producing by road construction. Considering the range of effects by road construction, twenty plots were set up near road construction reserved area, and surveyed. The result analyzed by TWINSPAN, one of the classification technique, showed that the communities were divided into four groups which are two Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus variabilis community and Pinus densiflora-Deciduous broad leaves forest community(Ⅳ). Species diversity index of each community ranged from 1.7353±0.0341 to 1.9079±0.2471, and the average number of species was 9.2±2.8, especially 9.6±5.0 at canopy layer in the unit area(100㎡). The number of individuals ranged from 4 to 29 and average 9.55 in the unit area(100㎡). The average RSI(relative space index) was below 35%, the average estimated age of the forest was 38±8.34 years. The depth of A0 layer of soil was 4~6cm and the range of soil acidity was pH4.70~5.63(average pH 5.29). Pine mushroom and Japanes red pine have a close symbiosis relation. Therefore it is needed that minimizing the read construction which goes through the pine mushroom producing area. If a road goes through a pine mushroom producing area, restoration measurement is prepared to prevent forest from rapid change such as succession or vegetation structure.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 심교문, "양양지역 송이 발생과 기상요소의 상관관계" 한국농림기상학회 9 (9): 188-194, 2007

2 한봉호, "송이 생육환경 특성을 고려한 소나무비오톱지도 작성 연구 - 강원도 양양군을 사례로 -" 한국환경생태학회 25 (25): 211-226, 2011

3 양희문, "생태적인 산림관리를 위한 군집구조적 속성의 분석과 활용" 한국임학회 91 (91): 545-553, 2002

4 윤용한, "생체기후도를 이용한 비오톱 유형별 환경 쾌적성 증진 방안 연구" 한국지역개발학회 23 (23): 39-58, 2011

5 김정호, "Vegetation Structure of Deciduous Broad-leaved Forest at the Beomeosa(Temple) Valley in Kumjungsan, Busan" 한국환경생태학회 25 (25): 581-589, 2011

6 Korea Forest Service, "Tricholoma matsutake gardening business" Forest Service 17-, 2008

7 Tominaga, T., "The relationship between climate and Pine mushroom yield" Bulletin of the Hiroshima Agricultural College 1-11, 1967

8 Tominaga, T., "The relationship between climate and Pine mushroom occurrence in 1990" 25 : 10-15, 1991

9 Westhoff, V., "The Braun-Blanquet approach. Handbook of vegetation science, In Ordination and classification of vegetation" Dr. Junk 617-726, 1973

10 Lee, T.S., "Survey on the Environmental Conditions at the Habitat of Tricholoma matsutake S . in Korea" 11 (11): 37-44, 1983

11 Kang, A.S, "Studies on Analyzing Meteorological Elements Related with Yield of Tricholoma matsutake Singer" 17 (17): 51-56, 1989

12 Yangyang-gun, "Statistical Year Book of Yangyang" Yangyang-gun 44-, 2010

13 Ludwig, J.A., "Statistical Ecology" John Wiley & Sons 337-, 1988

14 Lee, K.J., "Plant Community Structure and Ecological Density of Pinus densiflora for. eracta Community in Chunyang, Kyeongsangbuk-do" 15 (15): 379-393, 2002

15 Ogawa, M., "Mycorrhiza in the Pine Forest - The Ecological Study of Matsutake as a Microorganism" 9 (9): 225-227, 1981

16 Orloci, L., "Multivariate Analysis in Vegetation research, 2nd ed" W. Junk 468-, 1978

17 Park, W.K., "Influence of climatic factors on the radial growth of Pinus densiflora from Sogni Mountains in Central Korea, In Tree-Ring Analysis" CAB International 287-297, 1999

18 Ellenberg, H., "Grundlagen der vegetationsgliederung, I, In Einfuhrung in die phytologie IV" Aufgaben und Method der Vegetationskunde 136-, 1956

19 Koo, C.D., "Financial Analysis of Vegetation Control for Sustainable Production of Songyi(Tricholoma matsutake) in Korea" 87 (87): 519-527, 1993

20 Brower, J.E., "Field and laboratory methods for general ecology" Wm. C. Brown Company 288-, 1977

21 Park, H., "Effects of Climatic Condition in September on Pine-mushroom(Tricholoma matsutake) Yield and a Method for Overcoming the Limiting Factors in Korea" 84 (84): 479-488, 1995

22 Koo, C.D., "Ecological Hypothesis of vegetation management for Tricholoma matsutake production: Vegegation management can improve availability of photosynthate, nutrients and water to the mushroom" 1 : 122-123, 2004

23 Hur, T.C., "Comparison to Soil Environment of Tricholoma matsutake and Sarcodon aspratus at Uljin Sokwang-ri Pinus densiflora for. erecta Uyeki Forest" 20 : 77-82, 2002

24 Kim, B.H., "Change of Plant Community after Road Construction - Case Study on Seongsamjae Road in Chirisan National Park -" University of Seoul 2000

25 Ogawa, M., "Biology of Pine mushroom" Stukigisishokan 333-, 1991

26 Curtis, J.T., "An upland forest continuum in the prairie-forest border region of Wisconsin" 32 : 476-496, 1951

27 Lee, T.S., "A Study on the Pine Forest Conditions Growing Tricholoma matsutake in Korea" 11 (11): 39-49, 1983

28 Cho, D.H., "A Relationship between Climatic Factors and Matsutake Productions in 29 Sites during a 10-year period in Korea" 84 (84): 277-285, 1995

29 Jo, D.H., "A Relationship between Climatic Factors and Matsutake Productions in 29 Sites During a 10- Year Period in Korea" 84 (84): 277-285, 1995