어머니의 양육효능감과 유아의 마음이론 간의 관계: 어머니의 자율성 및 체계화 지지의 매개 역할 = Relationship between Maternal Parenting Efficacy and Children’s Theory of Mind: Mediating Role of Maternal Autonomy and Structure Support

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 유아의 마음이론에 대한 어머니의 양육효능감, 자율성 및 체계화 지지의 영향을 살펴보았다. 만 4세 유아 101명(남아 55명, 여아 46명)과 어머니가 연구에 참여하였다. 어머니의 양육효능감은 한국판 양육효능감 척도(K-EGSCP)를 사용하여 어머니 보고에 의해 측정되었으며, 어머니의 자율성 및 체계화 지지는 어머니-유아 과제 상호작용을 관찰하여 평정하였다. 유아의 마음이론 이해는 실험자가 제공한 일련의 잘못된 믿음 과제를 통해 측정하였다. 어머니의 양육효능감은 유아의 마음이론과 정적인 관계가 있었고, 어머니의 자율성 및 체계화 지지도 유아의 마음이론과 정적인 관계가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 변인들 간의 관계를 확인적 요인분석을 통해 살펴본 결과, 어머니의 양육효능감은 유아의 마음이론에 어머니의 자율성지지 및 체계화 지지로 구성된 양육행동 잠재변인의 완전 매개를 통해 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 유아의 마음이론 발달에 대한 사회적 구성주의적 관점과 어머니의 자율성 및 체계화 지지에 대한 자기결정 이론에 대한 논의와 함께 정책적 시사점과 제한점을 제시하였다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the effects of maternal parenting efficacy, autonomy support, and structure support behaviors on children’s theory of mind. Participants were 101 4-year-old children (55 boys, 46 girls) and their mothers. Maternal parenting efficacy was measured using K-EGSCP by maternal self-report and maternal autonomy and structure supports were observed and graded from mother-child interactions when creating a drawing with an Etch-a-Sketch. Children’s levels of theory of mind were measured by a series of false belief tasks provided by an experimenter. Maternal parenting efficacy was positively correlated with children’s theory of mind, and maternal autonomy and structure supports were significantly and positively associated with children’s theory of mind. Confirmatory factor analysis with these three variables showed that the relationship between maternal parenting efficacy and children’s theory of mind was completely mediated by a parenting latent variable including maternal autonomy and structure supports. These findings confirm social constructive perspectives of children’s theory of mind development and self-determination theory for maternal autonomy support and structure support; political implications and limitations of the current study are also discussed.

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