A study on the common procurement policy among EU cities

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The European Union is the world’s largest economy integration with a population of 500 million people and an annual GDP of 11.8 trillion euro in 2009, representing 30% of the world economy. The EU is not only the key player in the World Trade Organization but also the world’s largest trader accounting for 17% of global merchandise trade and 26% of trade in services. However, WTO negotiations are in standoff over agricultural subsidies and tariffs in nations recently, as well as the refusal of developing countries to open markets to more imports. EU extends range of common commercial policy including FTA as substitutable measures for WTO. So environmental laws are being used as non-tariff barriers to trade by the EU.
In addition, the EU requires new relationship among local cities to change consuming trends of cities as domestic policies. One measure of the domestic policies is the common procurement policy cooperated by Eurocities participants to have suppliers and consumers advantages in benefits from environmental, ethical, social responsible purchase. The cooperation policy like Eurocities is away from top-down approaches by nation-local cooperation installment. It is institutional strategy to enhance regional competitiveness. In this paper, EU’s inter-city cooperation policies are likely to be used as non-tariff barriers as well as the gradually increasing trend was found.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

유럽연합은 인구 5억의 세계 최대의 경제통합체로 2009년 연간 GDP가 11조8천억 유로로 세계경제의 30% 이상을 차지한다. 또한 유럽연합은 WTO의 중요한 회원국으로서 세계상품교역의 17%, 서비스교역의 26%를 차지하고 있다. 그러나 WTO 협상이 국가들간의 농업보조금과 관세, 그리고 개방도상국들의 시장개방확대 거부로 인한 교착상태에서 벗어나지 못함에 따라 유럽연합은 FTA를 포함한 공동통상정책의 범위를 확대했다. 이에 환경법과 같은 장벽이 비관세 장벽으로 이용되고 있다.
또한 유럽연합은 대내적으로 도시들의 소비관행을 변화시키기 위해서 역내 지역도시들간의 새로운 관계설정을 요구하고 있다. 그 수단 중 하나가 유로시티(Eurocities) 참가도 시들이 협력하여 환경적, 윤리적, 사회적 책임 있는 구매를 통한 혜택을 생산자와 소비자가 함께 누리자는 취지의 유럽도시간 공동조달정책이다. 유럽연합의 도시간 협력정책은 국가와 지역이라는 하향적 접근방식에서 벗어나 지역의 경쟁력 강화를 위한 혁신적인 제도적 장치라 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 이러한 유럽연합의 도시간 협력정책이 비관세장벽으로 이용될 가능성이 있을 뿐만 아니라 점차적으로 증가하는 경향을 발견하였다.

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