코네티컷의 초등 무상교육, 1866-1880 = Free Elementary Schooling in Connecticut, 1866-1880

국문 초록 (Abstract)

19세기 미국 보통학교의 수업료는 얼마나 점진적으로 폐지되었을까? 수업료를 폐지하고 무상교육이 이루어지며 초등교육은 얼마나 더 확산되었을까? 이 글에 서는 미국에서 보통학교의 수업료 징수가 처음으로 시작되었던 코네티컷 주의 교육위원회 보고서를 검토하고, 타운 단위 7개년 패널 자료를 구축하여 분석하였다. 코네티컷 주에서는 1868년에 무상교육법이 실시되며 수업료가 전면 폐지되었는데, 그 직전에 자율적으로 무상교육을 실시하고 있었던 타운은 163개 중 오직 네 군데에 불과했다 패널 자료를 이용한 분석결과에 따르면 학생 1인당 수업료를 1달러 인하했을 때 보통학교 취학률은 2. 7%p 증가했다 1868년에 수업료 칭 수가 폐지되며 보통학교 취학률은 3. 8%p 상승했다

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Were the rate bills of the American common schools gradually abolished in the 19th century? Did the abolition of rate bills contribute to the expansion of free public education? To answer these questions, a seven-year panel data set of Connecticut towns before and after 1868, the year of the statewide repeal of rate bills, was constructed and analyzed using a fixed effect model. Right before 1868, only four out of 163 towns voluntarily abolished the rate bills. According to the fixed effect regression results, a decrease of a dollar in rate bills paid by a common school pupil was associated with an increase of the common school enrollment rate by 2.7 percentage points. The abolition of rate bills in 1868 led to an increase of the common school enrollment rate by 3.8 percentage points.

참고문헌 (Reference)

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12 Connecticut Board of Education, "Annual Report of the Board of Education of the State of Connecticut, Presented to the General Assembly, Together with the Annual Report of the Secretary of the Board" Case, Lockwood and Company 1881

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15 고선, "19세기 미국 초등교육의 확산" 경제사학회 52 : 193-215, 2012