4세기 기독교 금욕주의 이념에 대한 영향사적 고찰

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The phenomenon of asceticism is a universal phenomenon. Espe- cially, Christian asceticism has been developed in the relationship between Hellenistic philosophy and literature, and Hebrew ideology. However the distinct formation of Christian asceticism establishes itself in Christianity through the persecutions and monastery commu- nities. The development of a village community in Syria in 4th century, Pachomius monastery in Egypt, and the ascetic theories of Evagrius Ponticus, have all played crucial roles in the formation of Christian asceticism. Particularly, the asceticism that features in the monastery campaigns has had a continued training to maintain a distinguished lifestyle, and this training led to a deeper relationship with God. The monks were aware that they could not protect their monastery com- munity life and the identity of Christianity without this training. A classical form of asceticism can be found in Christian monastery community in 4th century. Not only these monastery communities aspired asceticism that inherited the Hebrew tradition and faith of the first martyr, but their asceticism has the soteriological aspect that was built on the understanding of Christian theology. The asceticism has existed in Greek-Rome and Hebrew ideology but retained the philosophical and religious form through the volun- tary and continued training in the traditions of 4th century monastery. Also in the same traditions, the asceticism finds the form of construc- tive religious practice which is based on philosophical cosmology. Moreover, 4th century Christian asceticism has critically developed the metaphysical cosmology of Greek philosophy and ascetic practices in Hebrew traditions. Therefore, the asceticism of Christian monastery community is not a result of fusion between the two cultures but a unique fruit of 4th century Christianity.

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