The purpose of this study is to analyze the ease of wayfinding and the spatial structure characteristic in commercial complexes by circulation types. Based on the related research, the classification standard of the circulation types of commercial com...
The purpose of this study is to analyze the ease of wayfinding and the spatial structure characteristic in commercial complexes by circulation types. Based on the related research, the classification standard of the circulation types of commercial complexes has reconstructed by its main line and central space. It classifies into the net type, the loop type, the rotation type, and the mixed type. Main lines appear in all types, but central spaces do not appear in the net type. The net type is a type that main lines connected with other main lines without any central space. The loop type is a type that the beginning and end of the main line are connected to one central space. There can be several main lines connected to one central space, and more than one central space can appear. The rotation type is a type that beginning of the main line is connected to one central space and the end of the main line is connected to another central space. In other words, it is a type that the main line connects several central spaces so that it rotates the whole space. The mixed type is a type that two or more different types appear together. Also, a framework was set up for the analysis of the ease of wayfinding and the spatial structure characteristic of commercial complexes. First, to evaluate the ease of wayfinding, the environmental factors for wayfinding was extracted based on the previous research. Second, to investigate extracted environmental factors for wayfinding, a method was set up. Third, using the method, a different method to evaluate the ease of wayfinding was also set up. In previous research, as the environmental factors for wayfinding, visual accessibility, structural clarity, architectural difference, sign system, etc. have been repeatedly mentioned. Among them, the analysis was made based on 'structural clarity' and 'visual accessibility' which can be analyzed using Space Syntax. Structural clarity was analyzed by the intelligibility, which is the correlation coefficient of the integration and connectivity from the Axial Analysis of Space Syntax. The higher the intelligibility, the higher the spatial prediction ability that can recognize the entire spatial structure, and the higher the spatial prediction ability, the easier the wayfinding. And visual accessibility was analyzed by the isovist according to two spatial locations from the Visible Graph Analysis of Space Syntax. The larger the isovist, the higher the visible area and openness, and the higher the visual area and openness, the easier the wayfinding. Visual accessibility was analyzed in the main entrance where the user first entered and the core where the degree of integration is highest. As a result, the average intelligibility of the commercial complexes by circulation types was in the order of the loop type > the mixed type > the rotation type > the net type. The average isovist of the main entrance in the commercial complexes by circulation types was in the order of the loop type > the net type > the mixed type > the rotation type. The average isovist of the core in the commercial complexes by circulation types was in the order of the rotation type > the loop type > the loop type > the net type. Taking a comprehensive look at the results of this study are as follows. The easiest circulation type for wayfinding in a commercial complex is the loop type. Structural clarity and visual accessibility at the main entrance were highest in the loop type. The loop type is a type of that the beginning and end of the main line are connected to one central space. When several main lines are connected, the central space is large and shaped like a square. Since the central space is large, the spatial prediction ability that can recognize the entire spatial structure is enhanced. In addition, since the beginning and end of one or more main lines are connected to one central space, confusion can be reduced in terms of path selection. Based on this, when setting a spatial strategy for a commercial complex in the future, it will be possible to plan a space with the ease of wayfinding by taking into consideration the proper type of circulation and the spatial structure characteristic.