현대 미국 시민사회의 갈등구조와 그 변화에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Contemporary Structure of Conflicts in the American Civil Society and its Change

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문의 목적은 시민사회 이론을 미국에 적용하여 현대 미국 시민사회의 갈등과 갈등구조 및 그 변화를 이해하고 설명하는 데에 있다. 미국사회 전체를 국가-시민사회-경제의 3분구조로 파악하면서 갈등이론적으로 분석하였다. 분석의 초점은 주요 갈등의 이슈와 ‘갈등 축’(conflict axis)은 무엇인가, 그것은 과연 구조를 이루고 있는가, 갈등구조는 어떻게 형성되고 변화하였는가, 이 과정에서 경제와 정치는 어떤 작용을 하였는가 하는 점들이었다.
이를 위해 논문은 ‘연구의 목적과 이론적/ 개념적 분석 틀’, ‘현대 미국시민사회의 갈등구조 와 그 형성, 변화의 과정’, ‘시민사회 갈등구조의 형성, 변화와 경제적, 정치적 요인’ 등 세 파트로 구성되었다.
분석의 결과, 그 결론은 ⑴ 현대미국 시민사회의 갈등구조는 ‘다원주의 대 민족주의’를 중심축으로 하고 있다. ⑵ 갈등구조는 1954년~1974년 사이에 형성되어 그 후 부분적으로 변화하는 가운데 2000년대에 이르기까지 유지되고 있다. ⑶ 시민사회의 갈등구조 형성 및 변화의 과정에는 경제적 요인과 정치적 요인이 매우 중요한 영향을 미쳤다. ⑷ 분열, 갈등하는 시민사회와 경제 및 정치 사이의 상호작용은 이 세 차원들 사이의 관계를 긴밀하게 해왔고, 경제세력과 정치세력들을 갈등의 양대 축으로 가르는 작용을 하였다. ⑸ 갈등론적, 3분법적 시민사회 이론의 설명력과 유용성이 어느 정도 논증되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this paper is to understand and explain theoretically the structure of conflicts in the american civil society and its change since ‘1960s’. It analyzes the structure of conflicts in a conflict-theoretical perspective in regarding the whole american society as one which has threefold structure: state, civil society, and economy. The focuses of this analysis are followings: Which one is the main issue and axis of conflict? Does it have a fixed structure? How does it become to be structured and have changed? How do the state and the economy effect on conflicts of the civil society and their structural changes?
This paper is composed of three parts. The content of first part is “the purpose of the study and the theoretical-conceptional framework”. The second theme is “the formation-process of the structure of conflicts in the american civil society since ‘1960s’. The third one is the conflict structure of civil society and the economic, political factors”.
Results of analyses in this paper are: (1) the main axis of conflict structure in contemporary U.S. civil society is ‘Pluralism vs. Nationalism’. (2) this axis of conflicts has been formed and structured from 1954 to 1974, maintained its structure till to the 21th century basically unchanged. (3) politics and economy have effected variously on to the structure of conflicts in civil society. (4) in relation to the conflicts, the forces in the civil society, economy and politics have been interacting each other, and so, they all have been divided into the two conflicting lagers.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 연구의 목적과 이론적/개념적 분석 틀
• Ⅱ. 현대 미국 시민사회의 갈등구조와 그 형성, 변화의 과정
• Ⅲ. 시민사회 갈등구조의 형성, 변화와 경제적, 정치적 요인
• Ⅳ. 요약과 결론
• 참고문헌

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