WTO 협정상 비례성원칙 적용에 관한 연구

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문은 WTO분쟁해결기관의 GATT 제20조 “필요한” 조치에 대한 판단에 대해 비례성원칙을 적용하여 분석하고 평가한 것이다. WTO 분쟁해결기관이 GATT 제20조 필요성을 판단하는 기존의 심사기준은 (최소무역제한 대안조치+weighing and balancing) 비례성원칙의 적합성원칙, 필요성원칙, 좁은 의미의 비례성원칙을 적용한 판단과 매우 유사하다. 그러나 WTO의 심사기준은 필요성원칙의 최소제한 수단만을 판단하는 것도 아니고, 비례성원칙의 적합성, 필요성, 좁은 의미의 비례성 원칙을 논리적으로 판단하는 것도 아니어서 분쟁해결 심사기준으로서 정체가 불분명한 상태에 머물러 있다. 따라서 WTO 분쟁해결기관은 묵시적으로 수용하고 있는 비례성원칙에 대한 적용을 명시적으로 밝히고, 비례성원칙의 세 가지 부분원칙을 적용한 분석에 대해 좀 더 명확히 논리적으로 논증하는 것이 필요하다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This article analyses and assesses the applicability of the principle of proportionality for the jurisprudence of determining the “necessary” measures of GATT Article XX by the WTO Dispute Settlement Body. The WTO panels and Appellate Bodies, while deciding whether a WTO Member’s measure is necessary, have been used the criteria of the least or less trade restrictive alternative measures along with weighing and balancing of a series of elements since Korea-Beef case, which is very much similar to the proportionality analysis. However, the criteria by the WTO DSB remains in vague because they are neither only conducting the process of the principle of necessity, which looks for the least or less trade restrictive alternative measure, nor logically conducting the proportionality analysis through the process of analyzing three sub-principles of suitability, of necessity, and of proportionality stricto sensu. Therefore, WTO DSB should clearly recognize the principle of proportionality as the principle of WTO law and develop the logical reasoning of it.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 비례성원칙
• Ⅲ. GATT 제20조 필요성 심사기준의 문제점
• Ⅳ. GATT 제20조 필요성 심사의 비례성분석 및 평가
• Ⅴ. 결론
• 참고문헌
• 국문초록
• Abstract

참고문헌 (Reference)

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