개혁군주 공민왕 : 공민왕의 즉위와 초기 국왕권 강화노력 = King Gongmin the reformer : Gongmin's accession and effort to strengthen royal authority

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

King Gongmin, who succeeded the throne after being defeated twice by King Chunghye and King Chungjung, faced several significant crises during his regime. His solutions to these crises were four main reforms, which were carried out during his first, 5th, 12th, and 20th year of his accession. Every time the reforms took place, the political world changed dramatically.

By strengthening royal authority, King Gongmin took priority in rejecting diplomatic relations with the Yuan dynasty over socioeconomic reformations which was assigned during Yuan's intervention. Especially after King Gongmin's accession, he used his courtiers such as Yeonjeosujong's liege in order to reinforce sovereign power and to carry out anti-Yuan policies that were led by King Gongmin.

King Gongmin's political actions were very unique compared to the actions taken by other kings during intervention of Yuan dynasty. When Yuan's intervention, King Gongmin let courtiers check the power of public officers, succeeding policies of previous kings. However, through the changes of the political world, King Gongmin restrained his courtiers when they tried to limit royal authority. This was King Gongmin's system for controlling the courtier's power.

King Gongmin even expelled the courtiers at anytime if they became a disturbance in his political reforms. This is a known fact based on the example of King Gongmin's purge of Jo-Ilsin. King Gongmin purged Jo-Ilsin immediately when Jo-Ilsin rebelled against the Gongmin and became a problem to his authority.

The King took advantage of his courtiers in order to remove the corrupted influential political forces, close to the Yuan dynasty. They were the very subjects of social inconsistencies. Gongmin's trial resulted in failure due to Jo-Ilsin's rebellion. So the king couldn't help returning the removed subjects back into the government, weakening royal authority. Nevertheless, after getting rid of political anxiety such as Jo-Ilsin and Gi Cheol's faction, King Gongmin could nominate his courtiers, relatives and supporters to key positions in the government giving them political power.

In his 5th, King Gongmin's full-scaled anti-Yuan policies and eliminating pro-Yuan influences were possible due to the growth of the King's courtiers. It was the time that the basis of reinforcing weak sovereign power was made. Also, it was the time that King Gongmin could control his courtiers so as to innovate Koryo dynasty.

Right after the anti-Yuan policy, King Gongmin renominated Lee-Jehyun as prime minister. However, the King's courtiers took over politic power and the King made them carry out reformations of his direction.

Index: King Gongmin, Reinforcement of sovereign power, Anti-Yuan reforms, Courtier Politics, Pro-Yuan forces.

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