Scalable production of PbI₂-DMSO complex powder for reproducible perovskite solar cells

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As perovskite solar cells (PSCs) achieve efficiencies of ~ 25% close to commercialized silicon solar cells, research on the commercialization of PSCs is now needed. For this purpose, not only the large-area process of PSCs but also the study of materials that can be mass-produced and stored for easy use should be conducted.
PbI2-DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) complex is essential to fabricate high quality perovskite film. PbI2-DMSO complex powder with consistent DMSO composition can be synthesized regardless of reaction volume scale by
solvent extraction method using isopropanol (IPA). Because IPA has proper affinity with DMSO, it can extract only one molecule of DMSO from PbI2-DMSO2 complex. Moreover it can tear off DMSO more evenly than conventional vacuum drying process through liquid phase reaction. Due to the compositional uniformity of PbI2-DMSO complex powder prepared by solvent extraction process, the PSCs could be fabricated very reproducibly and it is expected to contribute for commercialization of PSCs.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Abstract iii
• Abstract (in Korean; 국문요약) iv
• List of Figures v
• List of Tables ix
• 1. Introduction 1
• 1. 1. Emerging perovskite solar cells 3
• 1. 2. PbI2-DMSO complex 8
• 1. 3. Intramolecular exchange process 10
• 1. 4. PbI2-DMSO complex powder 12
• 1. 5. DMSO extraction using alcohols 14
• 2. Materials and Methods 15
• 2.1. Materials 15
• 2.2. Experimental method 16
• 2.2.1. Synthesis of MABr and PbI2(DMSO) complex powder 16
• 2.2.2. Device fabrication 19
• 2.2.3. Characterization 20
• 3. Results and Discussion 21
• 3.1. Solvent extraction method 21
• 3.1.1. Alcohol selection for solvent extraction 21
• 3.1.2. Quantity optimization of alcohol 27
• 3.3. Scalable production of PbI2-DMSO complex powder 34
• 3.4. Device performances 47
• 4. Conclusion 56
• References 57