정서조절곤란과 수용처치가 대학생의 우울기분 변화에 미치는 효과 = Effects of Emotion Dysregulation and Acceptance-based Treatment on Changes in Depressive Mood among Undergraduate Students

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the effects of emotion dysregulation and an acceptance-based treatment on changes in depressive mood among university students. To strictly test the effect of the acceptance-based treatment, it was also compared to a problem-solving treatment focusing on alternative solutions to problems. Participants were 54 university students, assigned randomly to either acceptance-based treatment or problem-solving treatment. Each participant completed the Korean version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. We induced depressive mood in the participants by providing mood-suggestive music and requiring them to recall sad mood-evoking events. Then, we provided theoretical rationales and instructions of the assigned treatment followed by a practical treatment session. Results demonstrated that emotion dysregulation was a significant predictor of psychomotor speed(a behavioral measure of depressive mood) and was superior to baseline depressive mood in this regard. The acceptance-based treatment condition showed a greater decrease in depressive mood, by a subjective measurement, than did the problem-solving treatment condition. Moreover, lack of emotional clarity(one dimension of emotion dysregulation) significantly moderated the acceptance-based treatment's effects on both short-term decrease in diastolic blood pressure and participants' willingness to engage in another challenge. The acceptance-based treatment's superior effectiveness as compared to the problem-solving treatment was more prominent the more participants lacked emotional clarity. When we explored the acceptance-based treatment's mechanism of action, we found that an increase in decentering showed a significant correlation with a decrease, pre- to post - treatment, in the subjective measure of depressive mood. We discuss the limitations and implications of the present study and its findings.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김빛나, "탈중심화가 내부처점적 반응양식과 우울증상에 미치는 영향" 서울대학교 2007

2 조용래, "정서조절곤란의 평가: 한국판 척도의 심리측정적 속성" 한국임상심리학회 26 (26): 1015-1038, 2007

3 서우정, "정서조절곤란과 수용처치가 대학생들의 불안증상에 미치는 영향" 한림대학교 2007

4 문현미, "인지행동치료의 제 3 동향" 한국상담심리학회 17 (17): 15-33, 2005

5 김진영, "우울한 기분에 대한 두 가지 내부초점적 반응양식:반추적 반응양식 대 반성적 반응양식" 서울대학교 2000

6 이미정, "우울감이 사회적 문제해결에 미치는 영향" 고려대학교 1993

7 문현미, "심리적 수용 촉진 프로그램의 개발과 효과:수용-전념 치료 모델을 중심으로" 가톨릭대학교 2006

8 노현진, "수용처치와 불안민감성이 과호흡도전 절차에 대한 불안 반응에 미치는 효과" 2007

9 박성신, "수용처치가 대학생의 발표불안 감소에 미치는 영향" 한림대학교 2005

10 최미경, "생활 스트레스와 지각된 불안 통제감 및 대처양식이 대학생의 불안에 미치는 영향" 한국임상심리학회 24 (24): 281-298, 2005

11 조용래, "상위인지와 수용처치 대 억제처치가 대학생들의 수행불안의 변화에 미치는 영향" 8-9, 2008

12 오은혜, "부정적인 사회적 자기 개념과 정서조절곤란이 대학생의 사회불안에 미치는 영향" 한국인지행동치료학회 9 (9): 75-89, 2009

13 조용래, "발표불안에 대한 비디오 피드백의 효과:중재변인과 매개변인" 한국임상심리학회 26 (26): 293-322, 2007

14 김효정, "반성 및 반추적 정서처리방식에 따른 우울기분의 변화" 가톨릭대학교 2003

15 서선이, "내현적자기애와 정서조절이 심리적 부적응에 미치는 영향" 가톨릭대학교 2007

16 이정은, "걱정에 대한 부정적 신념과 일반화된 불안증상 간의 관계에서 경험적 회피의 매개효과" 한국임상심리학회 26 (26): 939-961, 2007

17 추진아, "가정용 전자식 혈압계의 정확도에 대한 임상적 평가" 101-112, 2002

18 Miller, J. J., "Three-year follow-up and clinical implications of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction intervention in the treatment of anxiety disorders" 17 : 192-200, 1995

19 Mann, S., "The safety of ambulatory intra-arterial pressure monitoring: A clinical audit of 1000 studies" 5 : 585-597, 1984

20 Rodebaugh, T. L, "The role of self-efficacy rating for specific tasks in social anxiety"

21 Hunt,M.G, "The only way out is through: Emotional processing and recovery after a depressing life event" 36 : 361-384, 1998

22 Hamer, M., "The effects of depressive symptoms on cardiovascular and catecholamine responses to the induction of depressive mood" 74 : 20-25, 2007

23 Levitt, J. T., "The effects of acceptance versus suppression of emotion on subjective and psychophysiological response to carbon dioxide challenge in patients with panic disorder" 35 : 747-766, 2004

24 Park, S., "The effect of an acceptance-based treatment on speech anxiety reduction in college students"

25 Dougher,M.J, "The Act of Accetance" Reno, NV: Context Press 37-45, 1994

26 Teasdale, J. D., "Speech rate as a measure of short-term variation in depression" 19 : 271-298, 1980

27 Nolen-Hoeksema,S, "Response to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes" 100 : 569-582, 1991

28 Westermann, R., "Relative effectiveness and validity of mood induction procedures: A metaanalysis" 26 : 557-580, 1996

29 Garnefski, N., "Relationships between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms: A comparative study of five specific sample" 40 : 1659-1669, 2006

30 Hahn, L., "Prevalence and accuracy of home sphygmomanometers in an urban population" 77 : 1459-1461, 1987

31 McFarland, C., "Negative affective states and the motivated retrieval of positive life events: The role of affect acknowledgement" 73 : 200-214, 1997

32 Gratz, K. L., "Multidimensional Assessement of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale" 26 : 41-54, 2004

33 Segal, Z. V., "Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse" New York: Guilford Press 2002

34 Teasdale, J. D., "Metacognitive awareness and prevention of relapse in depression: Empirical evidence" 70 : 275-287, 2002

35 Catanzaro, S. J., "Measuring gerneralized expectancies for negative mood regulation: Initial scale development and implications" 54 : 546-563, 1990

36 Hayes, S. C., "Measuring experiential avoidance: A preliminary test of a working model" 54 : 553-578, 2004

37 Cheng,S.K, "Life stress, problem solving, perfectionism, and depressive symptoms in Chinese" 25 : 303-310, 2001

38 Sanfran, J. D., "Interpersonal precess in cognitive therapy: Northvale" NJ: Jason Aronson 1990

39 Fresco, D. M., "Initial psychometric properties of the Experiences Questionnaire: Validation of a self-report measure of decentering" 38 : 234-246, 2007

40 Gross, J. J., "Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being" 85 : 348-362, 2003

41 Folkman, S., "If it changes it must be a process: Study of emotion and coping during three stage of a college examination" 48 : 150-170, 1985

42 Teasdale, J. D., "How does cognitive therapy prevent depressive relapse and why should attentional control(mindfulness) training help?" 33 : 25-39, 1995

43 Hayes, S. C., "Experiential avoidance and behavioral disorders: A Functional dimensional approach to diagnosis and treatment" 64 : 1152-1168, 1996

44 Rude, S. S., "Emotional functioning in depressed and depression- vulnerable college students" 17 : 799-806, 2003

45 Liverant, G. I., "Emotion regulation in unipolar depression: The effects of acceptance and suppression of subjective emotional experience on the intensity and duration of sadness and negative affect" 46 : 1201-1209, 2008

46 Tull, M. T., "Emotion regulation difficulties associated with the experience of uncued panic attacks: Evidence of experiential avoidance, emotional nonacceptance, and decreased emotional clarity" 38 : 378-391, 2007

47 Clark, D. M., "Effect of mood on lexical decisions" 21 : 175-178, 1983

48 Kibler, J. L., "Depressive symptoms and cardiovascular reactivity to laboratory behavioral stress" 11 : 81-87, 2004

49 Mennin, D. S., "Delineating components of emoaion and its dysregulation in anxiety and mood psychopathology" 38 : 248-302, 2007

50 Borkovec, T. D., "Credibility of analogue therapy rationales" 3 : 257-260, 1972

51 Mearns,J, "Coping with a breakup: Negative mood regulation expectancies and depression following the end of a romantic relationship" 60 : 327-334, 1991

52 Hayes,S.C, "Content, context, and the types of psychological acceptance" Reno, NV: Contest Press 13-32, 1994

53 Clark, D. M., "Constraints of the effects of mood on memory" 48 : 1595-1608, 1985

54 Martin, R. C., "Cognitive emotion regulation in the prediction of depression, anxiety, stress, and anger" 39 : 1249-1260, 2005

55 Linehan,M.M, "Cognitive behavioral therapy for borderline personality disorder" Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press 84-102, 1989

56 Ehring, T., "Characteristics of emotion regulation in recovered depressed versus never depressed individuals" 44 : 1574-1584, 2008

57 Campbell-Sills, L., "Behaviour Research and Therapy" 44 : 1251-1263, 2006

58 Cohen, J., "Applied Multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences" Mahwah NJ: Erbaum 2003

59 Singer, A. R., "An experimental investigation of the cognitive vulnerability to depression" 45 : 563-575, 2007

60 Piferi, R. L., "An alternative approach for achieving cardiovascular baseline: viewing an aquatic video" 37 : 207-217, 2000

61 Bradley,S.J, "Affect regulation and the development of psychopathology" New York: Guilford Press 2000

62 Campbell-Sills, L., "Acceptability and suppression of negative emotion in anxiety and mood disorders" 6 : 587-595, 2006

63 Tull, M. T., "A preliminary investigation of the relationship between emotion regulation difficulties and posttraumatic stress symptoms" 38 : 303-313, 2007