Cure Kinetics of Low-Molar-Ratio Urea-Formaldehyde Resins Modified with Nanoclay Using Different Kinetic Methods = Cure Kinetics of Low-Molar-Ratio Urea-Formaldehyde Resins Modified with Nanoclay Using Different Kinetic Methods

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study reports cure kinetics of low-molar-ratio urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins modified with a transition metal ion modified bentonite (TMI-BNT) nanoclay using different kinetic analysis methods to understand the effect of TMI-BNT on the thermal curing behaviors of these modified resins. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the kinetic parameters using two types of kinetic methods, such as model-fitting (MF) method which consist of the Kissinger, the nth-order and autocatalytic method and the model-free kinetics (MFK) method which consist of Friedman (FR), Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) method. Among all kinetic methods, Kissinger, FWO and KAS method gave the best fit to explain the resins curing behavior, as showed that in general the activation energy (Eα) decreased as the TMI-BNT content increased, indicating a cure acceleration by TMI-BNT addition. It was explained that the proton released by the intercalation of linear oligomers of UF resins with TMI-BNT was the main cause of facilitating the condensation reaction.