화상환자의 영양치료 = Nutrition therapy for burn patients

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Severe burns evoke a substantial metabolic response causing physiological derangement leading to a hyper-metabolicstate. The hyper-metabolic response is accompanied by severe catabolism and a loss of lean body mass and also by aprogressive decline of host defenses that impairs the immunological response. The protective functions of an intact skin arelost, leading to increased risk of infection and protein loss. Therefore, nutritional therapy is a cornerstone of burn care fromthe early resuscitation phase to the end of rehabilitation. Careful assessment of the nutritional state of the burn patientis also important to reduce infection and recovery time, and improve long-term outcomes. Evidence-based research hasshown that nutritional therapy contributes to improved clinical outcomes.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Goodall M, "Urinary output of adre-naline and noradrenaline in severe thermal burns" 145 : 479-487, 1957

2 Berger MM, "Trace element supplementation after major burns modulates antioxidant status and clinical course by way of increased tissue trace element concentrations" 85 : 1293-1300, 2007

3 Tredget EE, "The metabolic effects of thermal injury" 16 : 68-79, 1992

4 Alexander JW, "The importance of lipid type in the diet after burn injury" 204 : 1-8, 1986

5 Saito H, "The effect of route of nutrient administration on the nutritional state, catabolic hormone secretion, and gut mucosal integrity after burn injury" 11 : 1-7, 1987

6 Thomas SJ, "The effect of prolonged euglycemic hyperinsulinemia on lean body mass after severe burn" 132 : 341-347, 2002

7 Wray CJ, "The 2002 Moyer Award. Metabolic effects of vitamin D on serum calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus in pediatric burn patients" 23 : 416-423, 2002

8 Hester DD, "Suggested guidelines for use by die-titians in the interpretation of indirect calorimetry data" 89 : 100-101, 1989

9 Hunt DR, "Selenium depletion in burn patients" 8 : 695-699, 1984

10 Kirk SJ, "Role of arginine in trauma, sepsis, and immunity" 14 (14): 226S-229S, 1990

11 Shaw-Delanty SN, "Resting energy expenditure in injured, septic, and malnourished adult patients on intravenous diets" 9 : 305-312, 1990

12 Tanaka H, "Reduction of resuscitation fluid volumes in severely burned patients using ascorbic acid administration: a randomized, prospective study" 135 : 326-331, 2000

13 Maejima K, "Promotion by burn stress of the translocation of bacteria from the gastrointestinal tracts of mice" 119 : 166-172, 1984

14 Pereira C, "Post burn muscle wasting and the effects of treatments" 37 : 1948-1961, 2005

15 Hart DW, "Persistence of muscle catabolism after severe burn" 128 : 312-319, 2000

16 Huschak G, "Olive oil based nutrition in multiple trauma patients: a pilot study" 31 : 1202-1208, 2005

17 Pelaez J, "Nutritional support for the large burn patient" 12 : 121-133, 1997

18 Williams FN, "Modulation of the hypermetabolic response to trauma: temperature, nutrition, and drugs" 208 : 489-502, 2009

19 Demling RH, "Metabolic management of patients with severe burns" 24 : 673-680, 2000

20 Minard G, "Is early feeding beneficial? How early is early?" 2 : 156-163, 1994

21 Gore DC, "Influence of metformin on glucose intolerance and mus-cle catabolism following severe burn injury" 241 : 334-342, 2005

22 Andel H, "Impact of duodenal feeding on the oxygen balance of the splanchnic region during different phases of severe burn injury" 28 : 60-64, 2002

23 Gottschlich MM, "Hypo-vitaminosis D in acutely injured pediatric burn patients" 104 : 931-941, 2004

24 Gottschlich MM, "Handbook of pediatric nutrition" Aspen Publishers 491-511, 1999

25 Novak F, "Glutamine supplementation in serious illness: a systematic review of the evidence" 30 : 2022-2029, 2002

26 Mayes T, "Four-year review of burns as an etiologic factor in the development of long bone fractures in pediatric patients" 24 : 279-284, 2003

27 McClave SA, "Enteral access for nutritional support: rationale for utilization" 35 : 209-213, 2002

28 Hart DW, "Energy expenditure and caloric balance after burn: increased feeding leads to fat rather than lean mass accretion" 235 : 152-161, 2002

29 Peng YZ, "Effects of early enteral feeding on the prevention of enterogenic infection in severely burned patients" 27 : 145-149, 2001

30 Yan H, "Effects of early enteral arginine supplementation on resuscitation of severe burn patients" 33 : 179-184, 2007

31 Sohn BH, "Effectiveness of early enteral feeding in major burn patient" 16 : 104-108, 2013

32 Mosier MJ, "Early enteral nutrition in burns: compliance with guidelines and associated outcomes in a multicenter study" 32 : 104-109, 2011

33 Berger MM, "Cutaneous copper and zinc losses in burns" 18 : 373-380, 1992

34 Hildreth MA, "Cur-rent treatment reduces calories required to maintain weight in pediatric patients with burns" 11 : 405-409, 1990

35 Gore DC, "Comparison of peripheral metabolic effects of insulin and metformin following severe burn injury" 59 : 316-322, 2005

36 Liusuwan RA, "Comparison of measured resting energy expenditure versus predictive equations in pediatric burn patients" 26 : 464-470, 2005

37 Flancbaum L, "Comparison of indirect calorimetry, the Fick method, and prediction equations in estimating the energy requirements of critically ill patients" 69 : 461-466, 1999

38 Mayes T, "Clinical nutrition pro-tocols for continuous quality improvements in the outcomes of patients with burns" 18 : 365-368, 1997

39 Peng X, "Clinical and protein metabolic efficacy of glutamine granules-supplemented enteral nutrition in severely burned patients" 31 : 342-346, 2005

40 Wilmore DW, "Catecholamines: mediator of the hypermetabolic response to thermal injury" 180 : 653-669, 1974

41 Magnotti LJ, "Burns, bacterial translocation, gut barrier function, and failure" 26 : 383-391, 2005

42 Barbul A, "Arginine enhances wound healing and lymphocyte immune responses in humans" 108 : 331-336, 1990