Thermal phase stability and properties of hydroxyapatite derived from bio-waste eggshells

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the present work, hydroxyapatite (HA) derived from calcined eggshell via a wet chemical precipitation method wasinvestigated. The as-received eggshells was calcined at 900 oC to produce crystalline calcium oxide which reacted withorthophosphoric acid under controlled conditions. The final solution was filtered, dried and sieved to obtain ready to press,phase pure hydroxyapatite powder as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Green samples were prepared andsintered in air at various temperatures ranging from 900 oC to 1300 oC at a ramp rate of 10 oC per minute and 1 hr holdingtime. The sintered samples were evaluated in terms of HA phase stability, relative density, grain size, Vickers hardness andfracture toughness. The results showed that the HA phase remained stable even after sintering at 1300 oC. In addition, the relativedensity, Vickers hardness and fracture toughness were found to increase rapidly between 900 to 1100 oC and reached a plateauthereafter. A relatively density of 98.5%, high Vickers hardness of 5.9 GPa and fracture toughness of 1.09 MPam1/2 was achievedat 1250 oC despite having a large grain size of 2.5 µm at this temperature.

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