이종이식의 법적 문제와 규제 = Legal Problems of Xenotransplantation and Regulation

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Transplantation of organs has been one of the remarkable success of modern medicine in the last half century. As more and more patients have benefited from organs received from either recently deceased or living organ donors, the demand for more organs has grown much faster than the supply.
In order to supply enough organs to the patients waiting for transplantation, the researchers in the field of transplantation were stimulated to return to the notion that perhaps organs from other species can substitute for human organs. However, xenotransplantation has several critical problems including legal aspects. There's also no individual statute governing xenotransplantation.
In this article, I examine some legal aspects of xenotransplantation at first. It is divided into three categories-domestic, human rights related, and international legal problems of xenotransplantation. Most of all, informed consent by the patient, monitoring mechanism, animal rights, and cooperation among countries are regarded as the salient and important aspects to be considered and to be solved. Then, I suggest in this article that an individual statute governing xenotransplantation be enacted. Even though several guidances exist as a way to regulate xenotransplantation, it is much more necessary to regulate xenotransplantation with an individual statute because the issues such as human dignity, human rights, privacy etc. are governed by constitutional law and statutes in our legal system. When an individual statute governing xenotransplanation would be enacted, it must consider the scope of regulation, cooperation among agencies, international legal principles like trusteeship and precautionary principle, risk-benefit analysis, and penalties.
Legal decisions and the introduction of new laws will be influenced by the public attitude toward this from of therapy, and will depend to a great degree on whether society embraces it wholeheartedly or not.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• II. 이종이식의 국내 법적 문제
• 1. 환자의 동의
• 2. 프라이버시
• 3. 환자 이외의 사람들(= 주변인들)에 대한 제한
• 4. 전체로서 공중의 동의
• 5. 모니터링 메카니즘
• 6. 동물권(Animal Rights)
• 7. 인간 요소를 함유하고 있는 장기의 판매가능성
• 8. 책임의 문제
• III. 이종이식의 인권 문제
• 1. 인간의 존엄과 가치
• 2. 생명, 자유 그리고 안전에 관한 권리
• 3. 장기에 대한 공평한 접근의 문제
• IV. 이종이식의 국제법적 문제
• 1. 협의의무
• 2. 국제불법행위소송
• 3. 수탁원칙(Trusteeship Principle)
• 4. 사전예방원칙(Precautionary Principle)
• 5. 유엔의 역할
• 6. 세계보건기구(WHO)의 역할
• V. 맺는말
• Abstract

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