한국 여성노인의 잘 나이들기: 성숙한 노화 개념의 탐색 = Search for Aging Well in the Korean Elderly Woman: Moving toward Matured Aging

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examined the matured aging as an alternative concept of successful aging to guide aging well for the elderly woman in Korean culture. As Korea is going to aged society very fast, it is expected that aged women will take numerical superiority to aged men in over 65 years old people. Longevity is a bright side of aged society, but the dark side of it is rapid raise of social burden for young generations to take.
We reviewed a variety of changes as we age and several theoretical models for successful aging constructed in Western cultures in section 3. Then we discussed the implications of cultural differences based on the comparisons of components and influential factors of successful aging through 79 researches done in western and Korean cultures.
In section 4, we present three possible concepts of aging well for Korean elderly woman: happy aging, positive aging and matured aging. For happy aging, warm and intimate human relationships is more important. In positive aging focused on growing and development as we age, we examined the power of positivism of such as gratitude and wisdom. Lastly, we suggested that matured aging as an alternative model of successful aging based on matured personality shown in Confucianism. Matured aging is to move toward the expansion of human existence from self-control, to harmonize human relations, and finally to taking the social responsibility.
The implication of this study is to present the necessity of re-conceptualization of aging well in terms of Korean culture. There is a distinction of between matured aging to be aimed at a harmonized happiness for both elderly's happiness and young people's happiness and successful aging to be mainly aimed at personal growth and well-being in western cultures.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 논문은 고령 사회의 주역이 될 한국 여성노인의 잘 나이들기를 안내하는 개념으로서 행복한 노화, 긍정적 노화, 성숙한 노화 개념에 관해 탐색해보고자 한다. 먼저 한국이 세계에서 가장 급속하게 고령화되고 있으며, 65세 이상의 인구에서 나타나는 남녀 비율의 확연한 차이를 통해 고령화의 주역이 여성노인임을 제시하였다. 그리고 급속한 고령화는 노인 개인의 행복추구 대 사회의 부담 증가라는 두 얼굴을 갖고 있음을 지적하였다.
3장에서는 연령에 따라 나타나는 자연스러운 변화와 그 노화에 잘 대응하는 개념으로서 생산적 노화, 건강한 노화를 중심으로 한 서구의 성공적 노화 개념들을 소개하였다. 그러나 한국 노인의 경우 성공적 노화에서 자녀와 가족이 갖는 함의가 매우 크며, 욕심을 버리고 마음을 편안하게 하는 마음복이 한국인의 성공적 노화 요소에 포함되는 문화적 차이를 보여줌으로써 성공적 노화의 문화적 함의를 논의하였다.
4장에서는 한국 여성노인의 잘 나이들기를 안내하는 개념으로서 행복한 노화, 긍정적 노화, 그리고 성숙한 노화를 논의하였다. 행복한 노화란 돈과 건강과 같은 물질적 조건보다는 따뜻하고 친밀한 인간관계를 형성하는 것임을 선행연구들을 토대로 고찰하였다. 긍정적 노화에서는 나이가 들수록 성장하고 발전되는 측면에 초점을 두어 노인에게서 감사와 지혜가 갖는 긍정의 힘을 고찰하였다. 끝으로 성숙한 노화 개념에서는 유학사상에서 제시하는 군자와 성인의 개념을 토대로 잘 나이들려면 자기수양에서 대인관계의 조화, 그리고 사회적 책무의 자임이라는 방향으로 확장을 고찰하였다.
본 논문은 한국 여성의 잘 나이들기를 유학사상에 내포된 성숙인격과 연계시키는 시도를 했다는 점에서 그 의의가 크다. 유학자들이 그리는 성숙한 노화 과정은 타인에 대한 관심을 가지고 그들을 배려하여 자기 자신뿐만 아니라 다른 사람들도 군자의 경지에 이르도록 도와줌으로써 인간이 추구해야 할 도 속에서 다른 사람과 자신의 일체화를 이루는 것인데, 이 점은 행복론과 긍정심리학에서 제안하는 긍극적 목표와 다르지 않다. 본 논문에서 제시하는 성숙한 노화 개념은 특정 관계에 있는 당사자 모두의 행복을 증진시키는 방향으로 나아가는 통합적 행복을 목표로 삼는다는 점에서 개인의 행복에 초점을 둔 서구의 성공적 노화 개념과 차이가 있다고 하겠다.

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154 통계청, "2010 고령자 통계" 통계청 2010

155 통계청, "2009 한국의 사회지표" 통계청 2009