Anchoring Ligand-Effect on Bright Contrast-Enhancing Property of Hollow Mn₃O₄ Nanoparticle in T₁-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

<P>Here, we describe and conceptualize the influence of surface engineering for hollow manganese oxide nanoparticles (<B>HMONs</B>)-based contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A systematic study has been conducted for enhancing the relaxivities of <B>HMONs</B> by functionalizing their surface with various capping ligands having different anchoring groups (carboxylate, alcohol, thiol, and amine). Among all studied ligands, carboxylate-anchored ligands exhibit significant increase in magnetization value upon surface capping of <B>HMON</B>. Contrary to the previous hypotheses based on the surface-Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> ions accessibility to water molecules, we proposed surface capping induced magnetization in <B>HMON</B> is responsible for the enhanced relaxivity (<I>r</I><SUB>1</SUB>) value. Further, <I>in vivo</I> imaging efficacy of oleate-capped HMON (<B>OA-HMON</B>) has been demonstrated in mouse brain. This study provides an insightful understanding of contrast enhancement and modulation by surface ligands on manganese oxide-based T<SUB>1</SUB>-contrast agents.</P>
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