고구려 광개토왕(廣開土王)의 백제 정벌(征伐)이 가진 의미에 대하여 -392년~394년을 중심으로- = The Meaning of Invading Baekje by King Gwanggaeto of Goguryo -Focusing on between 392 A.D.~394 A.D.-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

King Gwanggaeto of Goguryo had a battle with Baekje between 392 A.D. and 394 A.D. This paper analyzed several combats between Goguryo and Baekje correlated with North China and Mongol area. In that time, Later-Yan and Northern Wei became emerging countries in North China and Mongol area. In 385 A.D., Goguryo had a war with Later-Yan for taking Yodong. In this battle, Goguryo was defeated by Later-Yan. There was plenty of natural resources such as iron in Yodong. At that time, the iron was fundamental element in the military forces and economic power in the nation. So it was vital to take possession of the Yodong to Goguryo. After the war between Goguryo and Later-Yan, both countries became potential enemies for each other. From 392 A.D∼to 394 A.D., Later-Yan against with Northern Wei and took a control of Geakso and Western Yan. And Later-Yan raise an large scale army to capture Sandong. It seems that only small defense troops of Later-Yan stationed in Yodong. As the unstable condition of North China, King Gwanggaeto should have invaded in Yodong area. In that time, King Gwanggaeto blitzed Baekje. Through the invasion, Goguryo took 10 castles and a castle of Goanmi in strategic point in this era. If King Gwanggaeto had invaded in Yodong, Later-Yan would have attacked Goguryo. Under these circumstances, Goguryo had to raise the tomahawk with Later-Yan and Baekje. On this reason, Goguryo did not attack Yodong. Therefore, King Gwanggaeto`s attack on Baekje came from serious consideration on Later-Yan from 392 A.D. to 394 A.D. Goguryo was surrounded by hostile countries such as Later-Yan and Baekje. Later-Yan and Baekje would have attacked on Goguryo by pincer movement. In fact, King Gwanggaeto had to meet the situation by pincer movement. Therefore King Gwanggaeto attacked Baekje in 392 A.D. Through the invasion, Goguryo made military forces of Baekje weaker. Under these circumstances, Goguryo could prepare for emergencies efficiently. In conclusion, King Gwanggaeto`s policy toward Baekje was a consideration of the situation among North China and Mongol area from 392 A.D.∼to 394 A.D.

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