Financial crisis is prolonging worldwide and intensification of polarization, increase in temporary employment and youth unemployment are rising as serious problems. Among these problems, youth unemployment issue has reached to a serious level. Korea'...
Financial crisis is prolonging worldwide and intensification of polarization, increase in temporary employment and youth unemployment are rising as serious problems. Among these problems, youth unemployment issue has reached to a serious level. Korea's youth unemployment is maintaining more than double the whole unemployment rate and there is no sign of improvement. Such youth unemployment causes negative influence on individual and society. For this reason, several researches and statistics have been published to solve the problem and the number of studies on the influence of unemployed youth's human capital on employment of the youth entering the labor market are increasing. However, there are not many studies that focus on the influence of human capital on 'job-search behavior', a process that leads to employment. Thus, this study was carried out focusing on the influence of youth's human capital on job-search behavior.
The purpose of this study is to observe the factors that influence job-search behavior of unemployed youth. For this, the data from Youth Panel YP2007, carried out by Korea Employment Information Service, was used and among those data, information of 1,634 unemployed youth were used to analyze the influencing factors of their job-search behavior. The two dependent variables are job-search behavior and job-search duration and the independent variables are human capital(education, certificate, test preparation, employment education, overseas training, career-guidance counseling, vocational training) and personal properties(age, gender) variable. X² test, t-test, binary logistic regression, and linear regression analysis were carried out to identify the difference, influence and linear relationship of job search behavior and job-search duration depending on human capital and personal properties.
To summarize the results of this study are as follows.
First, it was found that test preparation, employment education, gender and age have significant influence on job-search behavior of unemployed youth, through observing the analysis result of influence factor of job-search behavior. In another words, according to the analysis result, the more test preparation, the more employment education, the higher the age, and man compared with woman had more job-search behavior.
Second, through observing the analysis result of influence factor of job-search duration, it was found that certificate, test preparation, gender and age have significant results on job-search duration. The analysis showed that the more they prepare for the test and the higher the age they are, they have longer job-search duration and the more they possess a certificate and man compared to woman have shorter job-search duration.
In summarizing the results of this study, the point which should be noted is that education, the representative variable of current human capital, did not show a significant result on job-search behavior, rather it was found that enthusiastic effort in forming human capital have significant influence on job-search behavior and job-search duration. The proposals based on the results of this study are as follows.
In a situation where 80% of youth are graduating universities with advanced degree, education showed no significant influence on job-search behavior and job-search duration. Thus, individual job-searching youth is required to have active employment preparation through certificate, test preparation, employment education, which do have practical influence on job-search behavior and employment. Moreover, the government should plan practical job-search support program and programs that may serve as training experience and also carry out political support. Additionally, the average job-search duration of respondents of this study was 13 months, which is over a year. The prolonging job-search duration brings depression, decline in self-esteem, and may lead to abandonment of job-search. Thus, the government should carry out employment support and career guidance counseling policies accompanied by promotion policy in order to stop the fall of national competitiveness and arise of idle human manpower.