Representation of the Ether in Women in Love: In Relation to Ernst Haeckel and Umberto Boccioni

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It is in Women in Love that D. H. Lawrence used the word "ether" for the first time. In late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Europe, the idea of the "ether" played a significant role in reconsidering the nature of the universe. At the time, it was assumed that the universe was filled with the medium called the ether, through which light was propagated as electromagnetic waves. Visible light vibrating through the dark space of the ether gave rise to a new vision of the universe, which was entirely different from the vision explained by Newton`s idea of absolute space and time. The new vision of the universe made possible by the idea of the ether eventually developed into Einstein`s special theory of relativity published in 1905, which explains the universe not as the absolute, but as relative. Lawrence encountered the idea of the ether in Ernst Haeckel`s The Riddle of the Universe, which he read in 1908. He was also familiar with the representation of the ether in Umberto Boccioni`s visual arts. Studying Women in Love in relation to the idea of the ether that both Haeckel and Boccioni pursued will make it clear how ardently Lawrence explored a new vision of the relative world in the cultural climate of his time.

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