「とても」「どうしても」「なかなか」の否定用法再考 = A revisit to the negative usage of ‘totemo’, ‘dooshitemo’ and ‘nakanaka’

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper discusses how the Japanese adverbs ‘totemo’, ‘dooshitemo’ and ‘nakanaka’ are construed when they are used with negative predicates. These adverbs share the same features that they are used in a sentence which indicates impossibility or difficulty. It is argued, however, that the adverbs ‘totemo’, ‘dooshitemo’ and ‘nakanaka’ do not share the same properties when the types of co-occurred negative predicates and the constructional features are taken into consideration.
As for the types of co-occurred negative predicates, it is shown that ‘totemo’ and ‘doohitemo’ occur with the same type of predicates which indicates impossibility or difficulty, while ‘nakanaka’ occurs more with the type of predicates which shows non-realization. It is also shown that ‘nakanaka’ can co-occur with volitional verbs.
As for the constructional features, it is argued from the next two points of view, “conditioning” and “temporal stability”. ‘totemo’ needs to be conditioned with the reasons or situations for its impossibility or difficulty, on the other hand, ‘dooshitemo’ and ‘nakanaka’ do not always need to be conditioned with them. It is also argued that negative sentences with ‘totemo’ indicate permanent state while those with ‘dooshitemo’ and ‘nakanaka’ indicate temporary state.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. はじめに
• 2. 先行研究
• 3. 研究の方法
• 4. 共起する否定述語のタイプ
• 5. 用いられる構文に見られる特徴
• 6. 否定用法の再考
• 7. おわりに
• 〈Abstract〉

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