이상의 『12월12일』에 발현된 무의식연구 = A Study on Lee Sang`s Unconsciousness, Revealed on December 12th

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Though Lee Sang was adopted to his father``s elder brother``s family, he was dominated by the thought that he was abandoned by his parents in unconsciousness. According to Spitz, people who lost their birth mothers around when weaning have a huge mental blow, and even can be killed by it. When they are grown up to kids, they are very quiet, feel cheap and live under the feelings like rage for being abandoned, and a guilty conscience and self-contempt caused by self-interpretation in which they think that they probably have done something wrong. Such an anaclitic depression becomes a basic emotion of them, and this is left as a basic emotion in unconsciousness even after being adults. If they encounter something similar to the shock from losing mothers in childhood like divorce, bereavement, rejection and losing a job, the symptoms of depression come back even when they are adults. Lee Sang``s ``Sad Story`` was written in 2-3 years after his uncle died. Around that time, Lee Sang started living back with his birth parents and a grandmother. ‘Someday, I will go down secretly while you guys are in deep sleep. This is the only thought written. Without telling to my parents or calling my friends, I will go down like a child that is abandoned…’ This is Lee Sang``s revelation of unconsciousness in which he will not look after his parents after going down when they are asleep(just as he was one day moved to his uncle``s house while he was sleeping in his childhood), just like they abandoned him while he was sleeping. Like above, Lee Sang``s sense of abandonment was hiding in his unconsciousness with grudge, anger, revengeful thought and self-destroying drive even after being an adult. On the other hand, Lee Sang was running around the alleys whenever he missed his mother. He probably hope to meet his mother who was selling muk(jello) by chance. Lee Sang showed remarkable double-sided feelings about his mother. From the novel, ``December 12th``, Up feels scared by his anger. He is terribly angry especially when Lee Sang Misses his birth mother. At that time, Lee Sang probably felt a fear of castration. In this novel, he becomes the uncle that is his foster father. Children who earlier experienced consentience with their mothers mostly give up their mothers due to the fear of castration. Going through this process, children in the phallic stage overcome incestuous Oedipus complex. However, it might not be easy for Lee Sang to overcome Oedipus complex. Thus sea bathing becomes a link to his mother. The sea bathing is the ocean which is the amniotic fluid in mother``s womb. In Lee Sang``s unconsciousness, the nurse C in the novel reveals as Lee Sang``s mother. Going to the beach with the nurse C who is Up``s lover is Lee Sang``s unconscious desire to go back to the inside of his mother. The novel burns down a bathing kit that contains such meanings. With the first arson, Up``s bathing kit was burnt, which is the arson not by Lee Sang, but by him(uncle). It was a defense against incest, performed not by himself, but by others. With the second arson, however, Lee Sang buys a bathing kit and burns it in front of him. It could be a revenge that has been dreamed on him(including his parents) and also killing mother with his self-will. However, killing mother here means not mature self-independence from mother, but a mental state that denies his mother. He who denies his mother ``has to forget about the past`` and deny himself. He who denies himself has no choice but killing himself. As Lee Sang carries out revenge with his death, he dreams of regeneration. The new generation is clearly described in the novel. It shows his thought about destiny and coincidence that can change someone``s destiny. And in seven years, the existing cells will be all dead and replaced by new ones. The existing studies on the novel, ``December 12th`` usually analyzed it as double-sided feelings and returning to matrix. However, this study examined it in connection with Freud``s infants mental/sexual development stages by approaching more detailed double-sided feelings about mother. Lee Sang``s unconsciousness is not formed unilinearly. While he longed for returning to matrix so bad, he also attempted to overcome Oedipus complex as dreaming of cutting off from his mother. However, it might not be successful to do that because he was sent to his uncle``s house when he had not yet form consentience with his mother. It is because it is possible to have self-independence from mother only in the next stage after forming a complete consentience with mother. Just like his destiny, Lee Sang``s failure in disdaining mother is just stored. However, he wanted to newly create his destiny and eventually, it might become a chance to dream of regeneration.

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