Genetics, Agronomic, and Molecular Study of Leaflet Mutants in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Mungbean plants generally have a relatively close canopy, thus a large amount of self-shading can reduce yield due to poor light
penetration. Modification of leaflet type can affect leaf canopy and could alter seed yield. Two multiple leaflet mutants were
obtained from gamma-ray irradiation and used to study the mode of inheritance related to leaflet types and to evaluate their agronomic
features. The cross between large-heptafoliate leaflet with small-pentafoliate leaflet mutants produce all F1 plants with normal trifoliate
leaflets. The F2 plants segregated in leaflet size and leaflet number into a 9:3:3:1 ratio of large-trifoliate: large-heptafoliate:
small-pentafoliate: small-heptafoliate plants, suggesting that independent loci control leaflet size and leaflet number. Regarding
leaflet number, the F2 population can be classified into normal-trifoliate, small-pentafoliate, large-heptafoliate, and small-heptafoliate
at the dihybrid ratio of 9:3:3:1. The gene symbols N1,n1 and N2,n2 are proposed to represent leaflet number. Since no plant was found
with large-pentafoliate leaflets, we hypothesize that the N2 allele expresses pleiotropic effect on both leaflet number and leaflet size.
Another possibility is that an additional locus with S and s alleles controls leaflet size and S is tightly linked with N2. The effect of
multifoliate leaflet on yield and yield components was evaluated in four mungbean families each with four leaflet isolines under
three environments. Averaging across the families and environments, the normal-trifoliate and large-heptafoliate lines gave higher
yield than small pentafoliate and heptafoliate ones. These two large leaflet lines also had higher leaf area per plant than the other
multifoliate lines. Therefore, the mungbean lines with a greater leaf area, which were likely to intercept more sunlight, gave greater
yield. Three AFLP markers that were found to be linked to number of leaflets per leaf, corresponded to the N1 allele of the smallpentafoliate
parent.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Mungbean plants generally have a relatively close canopy, thus a large amount of self-shading can reduce yield due to poor light
penetration. Modification of leaflet type can affect leaf canopy and could alter seed yield. Two multiple leaflet mutants were
obtained from gamma-ray irradiation and used to study the mode of inheritance related to leaflet types and to evaluate their agronomic
features. The cross between large-heptafoliate leaflet with small-pentafoliate leaflet mutants produce all F1 plants with normal trifoliate
leaflets. The F2 plants segregated in leaflet size and leaflet number into a 9:3:3:1 ratio of large-trifoliate: large-heptafoliate:
small-pentafoliate: small-heptafoliate plants, suggesting that independent loci control leaflet size and leaflet number. Regarding
leaflet number, the F2 population can be classified into normal-trifoliate, small-pentafoliate, large-heptafoliate, and small-heptafoliate
at the dihybrid ratio of 9:3:3:1. The gene symbols N1,n1 and N2,n2 are proposed to represent leaflet number. Since no plant was found
with large-pentafoliate leaflets, we hypothesize that the N2 allele expresses pleiotropic effect on both leaflet number and leaflet size.
Another possibility is that an additional locus with S and s alleles controls leaflet size and S is tightly linked with N2. The effect of
multifoliate leaflet on yield and yield components was evaluated in four mungbean families each with four leaflet isolines under
three environments. Averaging across the families and environments, the normal-trifoliate and large-heptafoliate lines gave higher
yield than small pentafoliate and heptafoliate ones. These two large leaflet lines also had higher leaf area per plant than the other
multifoliate lines. Therefore, the mungbean lines with a greater leaf area, which were likely to intercept more sunlight, gave greater
yield. Three AFLP markers that were found to be linked to number of leaflets per leaf, corresponded to the N1 allele of the smallpentafoliate
parent.