미국 관할 수역 밖 IUU 어업 규율에 관한 법적 연구 = A Legal Study on the U.S. Regulatory Framework for IUU Fishing beyond National Jurisdiction and Its Internationalization through RFMOs

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study analyzes the United States' regulatory framework for Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing beyond its jurisdictional waters, examining its internationalization process through Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (RFMOs) and its effects. It investigates the evolution of the U.S. domestic IUU fishing definition, including its expansive scope beyond the traditional FAO definition, while acknowledging its potential conflict with internationally unified IUU fishing definitions. The study further examines the U.S. role in leading international norm-setting by incorporating its standards into RFMOs' Conservation and Management Measures (CMMs), focusing on IUU vessel lists and shark conservation.
The findings indicate that U.S. IUU fishing regulations have expanded beyond the traditional FAO definition and are actively being internationalized via RFMOs. This directly impacts the fisheries and seafood trade of major fishing nations like South Korea, whose past preliminary IUU nation designation underscores the need for proactive measures. Therefore, this research recommends prompt refinement of South Korea's domestic laws, rational responses to tightening U.S. regulations, enhanced participation in multilateral negotiations including RFMOs, establishment of a transparent seafood traceability system, and a transition towards sustainable fisheries. Such actions will contribute to securing the competitiveness of Korean fisheries amidst a changing international fisheries governance landscape.