한국의 문자정책과 한문교육 -한문과 한글의 교섭 양상에 주목하여- = Korean Character Policy and Chinese Literature Education -Noticing the Korean and Chinese exchange aspect-

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

King Sejong who had distributed the Korean script(訓民正音) in 1446 ordered his newly appointed civil officials to speak Chinese for all of the famous products and Lee Ik(李翼) suggested the civil officials below the grade of the fifth rank and students in various schools to study Chinese. Like this the knowledge about the meaning and pronunciation of Chinese Characters, and the annotation knowledge about Chinese Vocabulary in the Chinese Sentences were very important for the Chinese centered language life for upper class in Chosun. For example, in 『Hunmongjahoe(訓蒙字會)』 which was compiled by Choi Se-jin(崔世珍), the Korean explanations and pronunciations, and Chinese Annotations for the 3360 Chinese Letters were carried below them. And the Korean character books in the Chosun dynasty adopted the direct translation form to build only the reading and writing ability as a written language so that they can use Korean characters as an assistant measure for the accurate understanding of the original Chinese texts. The First Royal Decree on October 21 in 1894 served a momentum to change the Korean written language life from Chinese to Korean. Since 『The official gazette (官報)』 changed its characters from Chinese to Korean from February 23, 1895, the writing style at the time was mainly to use Hangul with Chinese characters together. The literary style of the text books at schools in the reformation period were used Hyeontoche(懸吐體), which the postpositions and endings were added in the original sentences, Jigyeogeonhaeche(直譯諺解體), which had the word for word translation system based on the direct translation, and Uiyeogeonhaeche(意譯諺解體), which had the students centered free translation style. Hyeontoche and Jigyeogeonhaeche are character words for reading and writing only, Uiyeogeonhaeche can`t reach to the complete phonetics and the pre-knowledge would be needed. Therefore the Sino-Korean education in the reformation period was to achieve Chinese letters and vocabularies used as part for using Hanguel and Chinese characters together. 『The Law about the exclusive use for Korean』 on October 9, 1948 and 『the Basic Law about Hanguel』 on January 27, 2005 were reflected the tendency of Hanguel use only process in all around the society. So the basic direction for linguistics the government promotes is to teach Chinese characters together with Korean based on the complete use of Korean(Hanguel) at the point of the settlement for the Korean exclusive use. In the 7th education policy, we seeked for the instrumnetal chartacteristics of the Sino-Korean studies from Chinese vocabularies which dominates large portion of Korean vocabularies. But, in the revised Sino-Korean department education process we,re seeking it from Chinese sentences from multi-culture of East Asian countries. Because of this, the Chinese character education in the current exclusive Korean use era has been switched to Chinese sentence study that highlights the independence through sentence reading from Chinese word studies that stresses pragmatism through the practical use in every day life.