頻度副詞與動態助詞“了”共現現象小考 - 以“x常+VP+了”爲中心

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In this paper, we systematically reviewed the co-occurrence phenomenon of ‘x常’ frequency adverbs and ‘le’ in modern Chinese, and explored methods for providing reasonable explanations. After investigation, we found that the co-occurrence types of ‘x常’ frequency adverbs and ‘le’ can mainly be divided into two types: ‘loose co-occurrence’ and ‘tight co-occurrence’. Among them, ‘loose co-occurrence’ and ‘le’ are not at the same syntactic level as frequency adverbs, and the verbs in this type are used more freely and almost unrestricted. ‘Tight co-occurrence’ is the main type discussed in this article. In this co-occurrence mode, verb structures mostly have semantic features of [- autonomy] and [-action], and the proportion of objects with semantic features of [- physical object] is also high. After analysis, we believe that there are two reasons for the co-occurrence of ‘le’ and ‘x常’ frequency adverbs: 1) Verb structures are mostly state type event types. Only by changing the character of ‘quantity’ through ‘le’ and making it a ‘discrete quantity’ with [+endpoint] characteristics can we achieve commonality with frequency adverbs. 2) In the ‘tight co-occurrence’ type, some frequency adverbs of the ‘x chang’ class also have a higher semantic expression of ‘relative frequency’, which means that the ‘le’ at this time is related to the preset condition, expressing the realization of a certain result under that condition, and the frequency adverb expresses the probability frequency of the fruit appearing.