The purpose of this study is to derive critical success factors for ERP system implementation by integrating managerial, technical, human resource and organizational culture factors which have been proposed as influencing factors for the performance o...
The purpose of this study is to derive critical success factors for ERP system implementation by integrating managerial, technical, human resource and organizational culture factors which have been proposed as influencing factors for the performance of ERP system implementation in previous studies. Especially, this study divides ERP system implementation process into preparation stage, implement stage and settle-down and stabilization stage, and then derives critical success factors in each stage. Also, in this study ERP system implementation strategies relating to BPR implementation timing and ERP system installation method are established as contingent factors which may moderate the effect of these critical success factors on ERP system implementation performance.
The data for empirical analysis of the research model are collected from 64 companies and the respondents for questionnaire consist of ERP system implementation project managers and user department managers in companies which have already operated it after ERP system installation. For statistical analysis, frequency analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, ANOVA, T-test and multiple regression are performed.
The main results of this study are as follows. First, it derives 33 success factors through comprehensive review of various factors which may affect ERP system implementation performance, and categorizes them into one of three stages : preparation stage, implement stage, and settle-down and stabilization stage.
Second, the relationship between many success factors at each stage (preparation stage, implement stage, and settle-down and stabilization stage) and performance variables is tested. As a result, the significant correlations between many success factors at each stage and ERP system implementation performance are found, and the difference among success factors in the degree of influencing the system performance is significantly shown.
Third, the result of testing the difference among the strategies of ERP system implementation shows that there is no significantly different performance according to BPR implementation timing(ERP system implementation after BPR, implementing both BPR and ERP system at the same time, ERP system implementation concurrent with BPR) and ERP system installation method(phased approach and big bang approach).
Fourth, this study tests whether there are different correlations or not between the success factors of each ERP system implementation stage and ERP system implementation performance depending upon the strategies of ERP system implementation. As a result, it is shown that some of success factors have significantly different correlations with performance variables in accordance with BPR implementation timing and ERP system installation method.
Finally, the relationship between process-oriented performance variables and result-oriented performance ones is tested. As a result, it is found that there is significant correlation between process-oriented performance variables except for one variable - project resource management appropriateness - and result-oriented performance ones.
The theoretical contribution of this study is to derive contingent comprehensive model of critical success factors for implementing ERP system project from the system development life cycle perspective, and empirically test it through field survey with a wide range of data collection. And, the practical implication of this study is to present the desirable guidelines for performing ERP system implementation project successfully.