노무현정부와 이명박정부의 대북정책 비교 = Comparison on the Policies toward North Korea between the Governments of Rho Moo-Hyun and Lee Myung-Bak

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the policies toward North Korea of Rho Moo-Hyun and Lee Myung-Bak governments and to find out the difference and the identicalness on the policy of the two regimes based on this analysis and grope the appropriate and consistent direction of North Korea Policy by overcoming the difference.
The followings are the results of the comparison on the North Korea Policy of Rho Moo-Hyun and Lee Myung-Bak governments.
1. The North Korea Policy approaching methods of the two regimes are totally different. Rho Moo-Hyun government approached the relationship toward North Korea with the viewpoint of nationalism while Lee Myung-Bak government is approaching it as international relationship.
So, in case of the North Korea Nuclear, Rho Moo-Hyun government dealt with it separately according to the principle of separation of politics and economics. Rather, his regime had a tendency to indentify the North Korea Nuclear as a separate issue between the North Korea and the U.S.
As a result, the solution for the North Korea Nuclear appeared differently. Rho Moo-Hyun government intervened actively with the viewpoint of nationalism, but at the same time they would sometimes kept the passive attitude. On the contrary, Lee Myung-Bak government proclaimed the principle of denuclearization and opening 3,000 from the beginning, and clearly announced that they would support the North Korea based on the progress of the nuclear issue, and they are applying practicalism and mutualism as methods.
Current relationship between the two Koreas is completely blocked and its future is opaque since Lee Myung-Bak regime.
2. There are many factors for backgrounds which form the North Korea Policy, but it appears to be greatly affected by ruler's value, belief, philosophy, and experiences in life. If it is the formula for the North Korea Policy to be determined by the mutual consent of the nation rather than by the particular political party or a ruler, it is my judgment that being changed of the North Korea Policy according to the change of the regime is not appropriate.
3. I observed the North Korea Policy with the viewpoint of integration theory, but I think the relationship between the two Koreas has a limitation. The North Korea approaching method with the viewpoint of functionalism is clearly expected to be effective, but it is difficult to judge the policy effect because continuous interchanges and cooperation is a challenge.
4. As Lee Myung-Bak government began, there were three causes for blockage of the South Korea-North Korea Relations. All three factors were related to the North Korea Policy, and one of them is judged to be North Korea's complaint because Lee's regime is pressuring North Korea with the policy of denuclearization and opening 3,000 whose conditions are not acceptable to them. The second cause is the insertion of the unique socialism emotion that they feel the joint declaration and mutual agreement set by Kim Jeong-Il of North Korea and the former presidents Kim Dae-Joong and Rho Moo-Hyun are selectively accepted by the President of South Korea. And the third factor is that the terms and policies on North Korea Policy are hard to be accepted by North Korea.
As an example, the term Denuclearization and Opening 3,000 seems to be no problem as a North Korea Policy term for South Korean government, but it is a policy and term that is hard to be accepted by the North Korea side, namely, the North Korea Nuclear is not only a threat as a nuclear weapon, but also it is being used as a mean to maintain its system in North Korea. That is because the U.S is the only answer for the security of North Korea's system if they choose to follow the principle of denuclearization in the Korean peninsular and to be guaranteed of its system.
5. Henceforth, the appropriate directions for North Korea Policy are as followings.
First, we will have to carefully review the strategy of the U.S for the northeast Asia and manage the neighboring countries and North Korea in order to accomplish the unification by establishing the North Korea Policy that will be favorable to our side in terms of North Korea Relations. Second, while maintaining the principle, the policies toward North Korea of the governments of Rho Moo-Hyun and Lee Myung-Bak should be mixed and implemented, and it should be directed toward the strengthening of practicalism and mutualism. In other words, it is my thought that it will be wise to choose a comprise which corrects the bad habits of North Korea step by step as we drive the North Korea Policy toward practicalism and mutualism while supporting North Korea.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장. 서론 = 1
• 제1절. 문제의 제기 = 1
• 제2절. 연구의 목적 = 2
• 제3절. 연구의 범위와 방법 = 4
• 제2장. 이론적 배경 = 7
• 제1절. 대북정책의 본질 = 7
• 제2절. 대북정책의 접근방법 = 13
• 제3절. 대북정책의 개념적 틀 = 23
• 제3장. 노무현 정부의 대북정책 = 26
• 제1절. 대북정책의 본질 = 26
• 제2절. 형성배경 = 31
• 제3절. 통일정책 = 37
• 제4절. 남북교류 = 42
• 제4장. 이명박 정부의 대북정책 = 47
• 제1절. 대북정책의 본질 = 47
• 제2절. 형성배경 = 51
• 제3절. 통일정책 = 59
• 제4절. 남북교류 = 64
• 제5장. 노무현 정부와 이명박 정부의 대북정책 비교 = 67
• 제1절. 대북정책의 본질비교 = 67
• 제2절 대북정책의 형성배경 비교 = 70
• 제3절. 통일정책의 비교 = 78
• 제4절. 남북교류의 비교 = 80
• 제6장. 결론 = 83
• 참고문헌 = 89
• ABSTRACT = 93