Artificial targeting of a nucleus-encoded RNA-binding protein AtRZ1a to chloroplasts affects flowering and ABA response of Arabidopsis thaliana

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Despite the fact that many nucleus-encoded RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are targeted to chloroplasts and play essential roles in RNA metabolism in chloroplasts, the question of whether artificial targeting of a nucleus-encoded RBP to chloroplasts affects chloroplast function and plant growth has never been addressed. In this study, a nuclear zinc finger-containing Arabidopsis RBP, designated AtRZ1a, which was previously shown to play a role in stress response, was artificially targeted to chloroplasts, and the growth and stress response of the transgenic plants were evaluated. Confocal analysis of the cellular localization of the cTP_AtRZ1a protein containing the N-terminal chloroplast transit peptide (cTP) from rubisco small subunit revealed that the cTP_AtRZ1a fusion protein is successfully targeted to chloroplasts. When grown under normal conditions, flowering of the transgenic plants was delayed, and the FLC expression was significantly upregulated in the transgenic plants. Artificial targeting of AtRZ1a to chloroplasts severely inhibited seedling growth of the plants in the presence of ABA by upregulating expression of ABA signaling-related genes ABI3 and ABI4. Taken together, these results suggest that artificial targeting of a nucleus-encoded AtRZ1a to chloroplasts affects the growth and development of Arabidopsis under normal or ABA treated conditions.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Reyes-Prieto A, "The origin and establishment of the plastid in algae and plants" 41 : 147-168, 2007

2 Finkelstein RR, "The Arabidopsis abscisic acid response locus ABI4 encodes an APETALA 2 domain protein" 10 : 1043-1054, 1998

3 Finkelstein RR, "The Arabidopsis abscisic acid response gene ABI5 encodes a basic leucine zipper transcription factor" 12 : 599-609, 2000

4 Jarvis P, "Targeting of nucleus-encoded proteins to chloroplasts in plants" 179 : 257-285, 2008

5 Surpin M, "Signal transduction between the chloroplast and the nucleus" 14 : S327-S338, 2002

6 Woodson JD, "Sigma factor-mediated plastid retrograde signals control nuclear gene expression" 73 : 1-13, 2013

7 Larkum AW, "Shopping for plastids" 12 : 189-195, 2007

8 Albertos P, "See comment in PubMed Commons belowS-nitrosylation triggers ABI5 degradation to promote seed germination and seedling growth" 6 : 8669-, 2015

9 del Campo EM, "Post-transcriptional control of chloroplast gene expression" 3 : 31-47, 2009

10 Nott A, "Plastid-to-nucleus retrograde signaling" 57 : 739-759, 2006

11 Sun Q, "PPDB, the plant proteomics database at Cornell" 37 (37): D969-D974, 2009

12 Pesaresi P, "Interorganellar communication" 10 : 600-606, 2007

13 Bechtold N, "In planta Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of adult Arabidopsis thaliana plants by vacuum infiltration" 82 : 259-266, 1998

14 Bryant N, "Identification of nuclear genes encoding chloroplast-localized proteins required for embryo development in Arabidopsis" 155 : 1678-1689, 2011

15 Chakraborty J, "Homologous promoter derived constitutive and chloroplast targeted expression of synthetic cry1Ac in transgenic chickpea confers resistance against Helicoverpa armigera" 125 : 521-535, 2016

16 Lorković ZJ, "Genome analysis: RNA recognition motif (RRM) and K homology (KH) domain RNA-binding proteins from the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana" 30 : 623-635, 2002

17 Larkin RM, "GUN4, a regulator of chlorophyll synthesis and intracellular signaling" 299 : 902-906, 2003

18 Jacobs J, "Function of chloroplast RNA-binding proteins" 68 : 735-748, 2011

19 Corbin DR, "Expression and chloroplast targeting of cholesterol oxidase in transgenic tobacco plants" 126 : 1116-1128, 2001

20 Martin W, "Evolutionary analysis of Arabidopsis, cyanobacterial, and chloroplast genomes reveals plastid phylogeny and thousands of cyanobacterial genes in the nucleus" 99 : 12246-12251, 2002

21 Timmis JN, "Endosymbiotic gene transfer: organelle genomes forge eukaryotic chromosomes" 5 : 123-135, 2004

22 강훈승, "Emerging Roles of RNA-Binding Proteins in Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Responses" 한국분자세포생물학회 39 (39): 179-185, 2016

23 Bae H, "Dual targeting of xylanase to chloroplasts and peroxisomes as a means to increase protein accumulation in plant cells" 57 : 161-169, 2006

24 Kakizaki T, "Coordination of plastid protein import and nuclear gene expression by plastid-to-nucleus retrograde signaling" 151 : 1339-1353, 2009

25 Burd CG, "Conserved structures and diversity of functions of RNA-binding proteins" 265 : 615-621, 1994

26 Kim WY, "Comparative analysis of Arabidopsis zinc finger-containing glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins during cold adaptation" 48 : 866-872, 2010

27 Kim YO, "Cold-inducible zinc finger-containing glycine-rich RNA-binding protein contributes to the enhancement of freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana" 42 : 890-900, 2005

28 Kim EH, "Chloroplast-targeted expression of synthetic cry1Ac in transgenic rice as an alternative strategy for increased pest protection" 230 : 397-405, 2009

29 Jang IC, "Chloroplast targeting signal of a rice rbcS gene enhances transgene expression" 9 : 81-91, 2002

30 Picault N, "Chloroplast targeting of phytochelatin synthase in Arabidopsis: effects on heavy metal tolerance and accumulation" 88 : 1743-1750, 2006

31 Leister D, "Chloroplast research in the genomic age" 19 : 47-56, 2003

32 Nickelsen J, "Chloroplast RNA-binding proteins" 43 : 392-399, 2003

33 Stern DB, "Chloroplast RNA metabolism" 61 : 125-155, 2010

34 Kwak KJ, "Characterization of transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing GR-RBP4 under high salinity, dehydration, or cold stress" 56 : 3007-3016, 2005

35 Lee DW, "Arabidopsis nuclear-encoded plastid transit peptides contain multiple sequence subgroups with distinctive chloroplast-targeting sequence motifs" 20 : 1603-1622, 2008

36 Mochizuki N, "Arabidopsis genomes uncoupled 5 (GUN5) mutant reveals the involvement of Mg-chelatase H subunit in plastid-to-nucleus signal transduction" 98 : 2053-2058, 2001

37 Feng CZ, "Arabidopsis RAV1 transcription factor, phosphorylated by SnRK2 kinases, regulates the expression of ABI3, ABI4, and ABI5 during seed germination and early seedling development" 80 : 654-668, 2014

38 Cutler SR, "Abscisic acid: Emergence of a core signaling network" 61 : 651-679, 2010

39 Kim YO, "A zinc finger-containing glycine-rich RNA-binding protein, atRZ-1a, has a negative impact on seed germination and seedling growth of Arabidopsis thaliana under salt or drought stress conditions" 48 : 1170-1181, 2007

40 Terry MJ, "A model for tetrapyrrole synthesis as the primary mechanism for plastid-to-nucleus signaling during chloroplast biogenesis" 4 : 14-, 2013

41 Gu L, "A chloroplast-localized S1 domain-containing protein SRRP1 plays a role in Arabidopsis seedling growth in the presence of ABA" 189 : 34-41, 2015