남아프리카국가의 정부형태에 관한 연구

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Contemporary African governmental system is presidentialism featuring clientelism, the use of state resources, and the centralization of power. In African presidentialism, the presidential power is unlimited, unopposed and unchecked. Here, formal institutions in the Constitution, such as parliament and the judiciary exist, but are merely symbolic rather than democratic. Post
independence examples of presidentialism include Zambia, Zimbabwe, Kenya, and Uganda. Most presidents in Africa enjoy absolute power and disallow any political opposition. Thus, presidentialism in Africa establishes imperial presidencies and creates strong presidents centralizing all power in the office of the president. Presidential power is insufficiently checked in most African states. In consequence, presidents are superior to any other governmental institutions, such as parliament and the judiciary. Besides the function of other governmental branch, most African states lacked effective control of presidential powers by an opposition party and civic groups. These outside institutions are needed in order to settle liberal democracies. An opposition party controls presidential ambition in parliament. Civic groups collect public opinion and speak for the public. Therefore, an opposition party and civic groups contributed that the president properly exercises his constitutional powers. Also, the majority of the people in
Africa are not inclined to challenge the presidential dominant position because of low education standards, poverty and the tradition of the chief.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 들어가며
• Ⅱ. 남아프리카국가헌법상 행정부와 의회
• 1. 행정부
• 2. 내각과 부통령
• 3. 의회
• 4. 의회에 대한 대통령의 우월적 지위
• Ⅲ. 대통령의 절대군주화
• Ⅳ. 대통령의 절대군주화를 초래한 아프리카의 사회경제문화적 요인
• Ⅴ. 마치며
• 참고문헌
• ABSTRACT

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 한태연, "헌법학" 법문사 1983

2 양 건, "헌법강의Ⅱ" 법문사 2008

3 양 건, "이른바 제왕적 대통령 논의에 관한 소고" 8 : 2003

4 유종현, "아프리카의 최근 정세와 당면 과제" 15 : 2002

5 Mwanakatwe, John, "The End of the Kaunda Era" Multimedia Zambia 1994

6 Ndulo Muna, "The Constitutions of Zambia" 30 : 7-, 1998

7 Gloppen, Siri, "South Africa: The Battle Over the Constitution" Dartmouth Pub.Co. 1997

8 Shugart, Matthew, "Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamics" Cambridge University Press 1992

9 Nwabueze, B. O., "Presidentialism in Commonwealth Africa(New ed.)" C.Hurst & Co.Publishers Ltd 1977

10 Amar, Akhil Reed, "On Impeaching Presidents" 28 : 291-, 1999

11 Oloka-Onyango Joseph, "Law and the Struggle for Democracy in East Africa" Claripress 1996

12 Robbers, Gerhard, "Encyclopedia of World Constitutions(Vol.Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ)" Facts on File 2007

13 Reyntjens, Filip, "Authoritarianism in Francophone Africa from the Colonial to the Postcolonial State" 60 : 1988

14 Camay, Phiroshaw, "Advocacy in Southern Africa: Lessons for the Future" Core 1998