Cognition of Urban Design Elements and the Attraction Attributes in the Village that people want to visit : Planned Heyri Village and Natural Seochon Village = 방문하고 싶은 마을의 도시설계 요소 인지와 매력 속성과의 관계 분석 : 계획된 헤이리 마을과 자연 발생적인 서촌 마을을 중심으로

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ABSTRACT

A Study on the Relationship between the Cognition of Urban Design Elements and the Attraction Attributes in the
Village that people want to visit
- Planned Heyri Village and Natural Seochon Village -

Kwanjoon Yoon
Dept. of Urban Planning and Engineering
the Graduate School
Yonsei University


The purpose of this research is to examine the urban design elements in the villages which have their own cultural identities, as well as interesting and memorable spatial features; and how such characteristics affect the attraction attributes of the villages that draw people’s interest.
The villages to be investigated are selected according to the following steps: this study explores, in the first step, whether there are any actors involved in the community building process; in the second step, whether natural environment is close to the land of villages; and in the final step, whether there are any unique cultures and identities, as well as the enough number of visitors for securing a sufficient sample size for statistical analysis.
This research, thus, chooses two villages: Heyri village and Seochon village. Heyri village has been developed according to the master plan, and Seochon is a naturally occurring village which relatively keeps more natural environment. Both villages have the accessibility to the streets and roads around the villages; and have their own artistic and cultural factors, which corresponds to the aim of this research. The urban design elements are confined to 10 elements according to the literature review and interviews with experts, and the attraction attributes are also selected by the experts. This research then analyzes the relationship between these two values.
Regarding the urban design elements chosen by the experts, when comparing the cognition in the importance between Heyri and Seochon visitors, the cognition in the urban design elements of visitors of Heyri is stronger than that of Seochon. As a result of analysis on the difference in the cognition of the urban design elements according to the socio-demographic variables, even though a statistical significance is found in the maintenance of facilities both in Heyri and Seochon, there is little difference in other elements. About the reason for the statistical significance in the maintenance of facilities, it can be conjectured that visitors placed a high value on the maintenance of Seochon village where there are many old traditional Korean-style houses.
In the analysis by age groups, in Heyri village, the old-age groups consider parking lots more important, and in Seochon village, buildings, pedestrian passages, parking lots, and green spaces are recognized as more important elements by 20s and 30s.
Concerning the results by income level, in Heyri, there is a wide difference between the old-age group and the youth group about the element of parking lots. It can be assumed that this difference is caused because in general, young people visit Heyri by public transportation; whereas the middle and old-age group uses own vehicles to visit Heyri, which may make the middle and old-age groups demonstrate more cognition in parking lots.
With regards to the difference in attraction attributes by gender, both in Heyri and Seochon, females place a more value on comfort than males.
In the age variable, there is a statistically significant difference in the element of peculiarity. Relatively low significance probability is shown in the youth group.
In Heyri, there are significant differences in cognition in the four elements including convenience, accessibility, natural environment, and comfort, according to the income level. In the elements of convenience, accessibility, and comfort, the higher-income group and the middle-income group show significant differences in the cognition to that of the lower-income group; and in the natural environment, the higher-income group demonstrates a different level of cognition.
In Seochon, only in the economic feasibility, a significant difference is found by the income level. The higher-income group leaves the greater difference in cognition in the economic feasibility than that of the other income groups.
To explain the relationship between the urban design elements and the attraction attributes, the results found in both Heyri and Seochon signify that the significance probabilities of parking lots, pedestrian passages, and maintenance of facilities are lower than that of the other elements.
In the analysis on finding out the urban design elements which satisfy each attraction attribute, which was opposite to the previous approach examining how the urban design elements themselves can be an attraction attribute, in Heyri, the elements such as the use of land, parking lot, and maintenance of facilities are chosen; and in Seochon, the relationship between pedestrian passage and adjacent road, and the maintenance of facilities are selected.
This can be interpreted that in Heyri and Seochon, there is a difference between the elements that can be experienced and the expectations that visitors originally have. It can also be conjectured that in Heyri, visitors tend to have stronger cognition in newly built and designed buildings more; whereas in Seochon, people are prone to feel both stress and pleasure.
Also, in the attraction attribute of cultural orientation, in Heyri, visitors select the distinctive design elements; while in Seochon, visitors mostly focus on the shape and exterior design of architecture.
As a result of the analysis on the experts-chosen urban design elements using Kano Model, there were significant differences in the elements of green areas of village, management of buildings and facilities, and pedestrian ways. The same results were also found when comparing Better/Worse coefficient based on Kano’s method of classification and Timko’s method of calculating customer satisfaction coefficient. This can be interpreted that ordinary people consider the continuous maintenance of Green areas of village, and Pedestrian ways which they frequently use, to be significant.
In conclusion, this research was about the examination of the relationship between the visual items, here, urban design elements, and psychological factors which are attraction attributes. To develop the urban design corresponding with the topic and identity of village, it is essential to consider the characteristics of village and visitors; to include the attraction attributes that promote visitors’ revisit; and to select urban design elements which accord with these attraction attributes.
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Key Words: Village, Visit, Urban Design Elements, Attraction Attributes, Expectation Level, Satisfaction Level, Socio-demographic Variables

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Lee Jea-Sun, "The Analysis on Urban Design Features for Urban Design Intervention to Making Downtown Sustainable", 국토계획, 39(2), 323-339, 2004