아동권리협약의 국내적 이행과정에 대한 분석

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child as intnernational treaty for human rights guarantees the extensive civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights of children. It was adopted by he United Nations General Assembly on 20 November 1989 and come into effect on 2 September 1991. As of November 2009, 194 countries have ratified it, including every member of the United Nations except Somalia and United States. The Convention on the right of the child is the second most popular human rights treaty in the world. The Convention on the Rights of the Child has legal binding force to the countries that have ratified it. In connection with domestic implementation of the Convention and advancement in the legal position of child rights in the countries that have ratified this Convention the Governments of these countries that have ratified the Convention have obligation to submit periodic report to the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child. In order to carefully watch and check the process of domestic implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child must monitor periodically must the compliance with this convention. Once a year, the Committee presents the Third Committee of the United Nations General Assembly with a report. The Third Committee of the United Nations General Assembly hears a statement from the CRC Chair and adopts a Resolution on the Rights of the Child. At the time of ratification of the Convention on the Rights of the Child the Korean Government had expressed reservations to it`s three provisions: ① child`s right to appeal in Court (Art. 40 para, 2 (b) (v)), ② child`s right to maintain personal relationship and direct contact with both parents on a regular basis (Art. 9 para. 3), ③ Assurance of system of adoption that is authorized only by competent authorities who determine (Art. 21 (a)). Under these three reservations the Korean Government withdraw namely the right of child to maintain personal relations and direct contact with both parents on a regular basis according to Civil Code amendment in 2007. The Guarantee of the rights of the child as special basic rights in constitution and international treaty for protection of human rights like the Convention on the Right of the Child reveals a phase of the process of Constitutionalization of International Law

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