仪式中的国家在场对中国乡村共同体重构的影响 －基于五村播种节和尉村跑鼓车文化艺术节的比较研究－ = The Influence of State Presence in Rituals on the Reconstruction of Chinese Rural Community—— Comparative study based on “Wu Village Sowing Festival” and “Wei Village Drum Runs Cart Culture and Art Festival”

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

After completing the task of poverty elimination campaign, reconstructing the rural community has become one of the core issues of the rural revitalization strategy in order to cope with the developmental predicament of China's rural areas in the process of modernization. Promoting the reconstruction of rural communities through rural cultural rituals is an important part of the Chinese government's primary-level governance in rural areas. In the Ritual, different states of the state presence have different effects on the construction of the rural community. Through the research on the “Five Village Sowing Festival” in Wu Village, Wuxiang County, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province, and the “Wei Village Drum Runs Cart Culture and Art Festival” in Wei Village, Xiangfen County, Linfen City, it is found with obvious feature of political ritual in the “Wu Village Sowing Festival” dominated by state power. Inspired by the authority of the government, the villagers participated in the “Wu Village Sowing Festival”, and gradually strengthened their identification with the rural community. The “Wei Village Drum Runs Cart Culture and Art Festival” shows the feature of the synergy between the national power and the traditional system of village. The participation of villagers from Wei village in rituals and their identification with the rural community also stem from this feature. Based on the two different states of state presence, rituals can effectively promote the reconstruction of rural community.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

为了应对现代化进程中中国乡村地区发展的困境，在完成脱贫攻坚的任务之后，重构乡村共同体成为乡村振兴战略的核心议题之一。通过乡村文化仪式促进乡村共同体的重构，是中国政府在乡村中进行基层社会治理的重要内容。在仪式中，国家在场的状态不同，对于乡村共同体的重构也会产生不同的影响。本文通过对山西省长治市武乡县五村的“五村播种节”和临汾市襄汾县尉村的“尉村跑鼓车文化艺术节”的研究，发现以国家力量为主导的五村播种节，带有明显的政治仪式特征。基于政府权威的感召，村民参与到五村播种节中，并在参与过程中逐渐强化对于乡村共同体的认同。而尉村跑鼓车文化艺术节则表现出国家力量与乡村传统制度协同作用的特点，尉村村民参与仪式以及对于乡村共同体的认同也源于这一特点。基于国家在场的两种不同状态，仪式均能有效的促进乡村共同体的重构。

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