청소년 학생선수를 위한 운동 탈진 질문지(ABQ)의 요인 동일성과 잠재평균 검증 = Investigating the Factorial Invariance and Latent Means of Athlete Burnout Questionnaire(ABQ) for the Use of Adolescent Student-Athletes

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 청소년 운동선수를 위해 운동 탈진 질문지(ABQ; Raedeke & Smith, 2001)의 요인 동일성을 검증하고 집단 간 잠재평균 차이를 분석하는 것이다. 연구대상은 체육중ㆍ고등학교 운동선수 607명(남자=389명, 여자=218명)이었다. 자료는 기술통계, 확인적 요인분석 및 다집단 분석을 통해 처리되었다. 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 3요인 13문항으로 구성된 측정모형이 자료에 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다(X^2=443.79, df=62, Q=7.15, TLI=.906, CFI=.930, RMSEA=.076). 다집단 분석의 결과 측정모형은 운동선수들의 성별, 학년, 운동경력 및 스포츠 유형 간 동일한 것으로 나타났다. 잠재평균분석의 결과 정서적/신체적 소진과 성취감 저하와 평가절하 수준은 운동선수의 성별과 스포츠 유형 간 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 고등학교 선수가 중학생 선수들보다 더 높은 정서적/신체적 소진과 성취감 저하와 평가절하 수준을 보였다. 또한 4년 이상 오랫동안 운동에 참여한 선수들이 더 높은 정서적/신체적 소진과 평가절하 수준을 보였다. 본 결과는 한국판 운동 탈진 질문지가 체육중ㆍ고등학교 남녀 학생선수들의 탈진을 측정하는데 적합한 도구임을 시사하며, 심리측정학적 문제와 후속 연구방향과 관련하여 논의되었다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factorial invariance and its latent means of Athlete Burnout Questionnaire(ABQ; Raedeke & Smith, 2001) for the use of adolescent student-athletes. Participants were 607 physical education middle and high school athletes(389 males, 218 females). For data descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and multigroup analysis were conducted. Results of confirmatory factor analyses showed that three-factor model with 13 items was the most adequate fit for the data(X^2=443.79, df=62, Q=7.15, TLI=.906, CFI=.930, RMSEA=.076). Results of multigroup analyses indicated that the three-factor measurement models were invariant across gender, grade, athletic career, and sport types samples. Results of latent mean analyses indicated that the levels of emotional/physical exhaustion, reduced sense of accomplishment, and devaluation were no differences across gender and sport type samples, but high school athletes showed a higher mean than middle school athletes on the emotional/physical exhaustion, reduced sense of accomplishment, and devaluation scores. Also, athletes participating in sports more than 4 years showed a higher mean on the emotional/physical exhaustion and devaluation scores. Findings suggest that the Athletic Burnout Questionnaire is a valid and reliable inventory for measuring the physical education middle and high school athletes. The results were discussed with its psychometric issues and future directions.

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